工程科学学报，第38卷，第11期：1636-1642,2016年11月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.38,No.11:1636-1642,November 2016 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2016.11.018:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 仿生叶轮机构水上推进特性仿真与试验 郭劭琰⑧，吕建刚，高飞，张仲志 军械工程学院，石家庄050003 ☒通信作者，E-mail:171529346@q9.com 摘要对一种水上仿生推进装置进行流体力学仿真，并根据处于多种工况下若干组仿真数据，对该推进装置的力学特性进 行分析，着重研究并归纳在不同转速和出水高度条件下，推进装置的升力、推力和功率曲线的变化规律，总结有助于仿生推 进装置设计与优化的结论.最后，借助叶轮机构试验系统进行相关试验，并用试验数据来印证分析结论的合理性。结果表明， 随着转速的提高，推进装置所产生的升力和推力同时增加，机械总效率和推进效率增大，但托举效率减小：当推进装置的轴心 距水面越高时，在一定范围内，其推进效率和托举效率越大.合理的结构设计能够大幅提升装置在各种工况下的推进效率和 托举效率. 关键词叶轮：仿生学：推进：流体力学：仿真 分类号TH136 Simulation and experimental study on the water propulsion properties of a bionic impeller mechanism GUO Shao-yan,LU Jian-gang,GAO Fei,ZHANG Zhong-zhi Ordnance Engineering College,Shijiazhuang 050003,China Corresponding author,E-mail:171529346@qq.com ABSTRACT Hydrodynamic simulations were performed on a bionic water propulsion unit,and the mechanical properties of the propulsion unit were analyzed according to several simulation data under different conditions.This study was focused on the change laws of the lift,thrust and power curves of the propulsion unit at different speeds and altitude conditions,and several conclusions were summarized which would be helpful to design and optimize the bionic propulsion unit.Finally,relevant tests were done by means of an impeller mechanism test system,and the rationality of these conclusions was confirmed through test data.The results show that with increasing speed,the lift and thrust generated by the propulsion unit increase,the machinery efficiency and propulsion efficiency improve,but the lift efficiency decreases.The longer the distance between the axis of the propulsion unit and the water surface,within a certain range the greater the propulsion efficiency and lift efficiency are.Reasonable structure design can significantly improve the propulsion efficiency and lifts efficiency. KEY WORDS impellers;bionics;propulsion:hydromechanics:simulations 目前，两栖车辆高速航行技术已经在民用领域和 其航速可达46.6kmh,而车重更在22.8t以上0 军用领域都获得快速发展.在轻型两栖车辆中，瑞士 这些技术的共同特点是在滑水航态下车辆的排水体积 Rinspeed公司采用水翼技术已经使航速达到8Okm· 会大幅减少，从而使“阻力墙”现象消失，航行阻力大 h:而在中重型两栖车辆中最具代表性的是美国研制 大减小，进而实现高速航行. 的两栖远征战车(expeditionary fighting vehicle,EFV), EV远征战车在海上高机动行驶时，依靠水动力 收稿日期：2015-12-31工程科学学报，第 38 卷，第 11 期: 1636--1642，2016 年 11 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 38，No． 11: 1636--1642，November 2016 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2016． 11． 018; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 仿生叶轮机构水上推进特性仿真与试验 郭劭琰，吕建刚，高 飞，张仲志 军械工程学院，石家庄 050003  通信作者，E-mail: 171529346@ qq． com 摘 要 对一种水上仿生推进装置进行流体力学仿真，并根据处于多种工况下若干组仿真数据，对该推进装置的力学特性进 行分析． 着重研究并归纳在不同转速和出水高度条件下，推进装置的升力、推力和功率曲线的变化规律，总结有助于仿生推 进装置设计与优化的结论． 最后，借助叶轮机构试验系统进行相关试验，并用试验数据来印证分析结论的合理性． 结果表明， 随着转速的提高，推进装置所产生的升力和推力同时增加，机械总效率和推进效率增大，但托举效率减小; 当推进装置的轴心 距水面越高时，在一定范围内，其推进效率和托举效率越大． 合理的结构设计能够大幅提升装置在各种工况下的推进效率和 托举效率． 关键词 叶轮; 仿生学; 推进; 流体力学; 仿真 分类号 TH136 Simulation and experimental study on the water propulsion properties of a bionic impeller mechanism GUO Shao-yan ，L Jian-gang，GAO Fei，ZHANG Zhong-zhi Ordnance Engineering College，Shijiazhuang 050003，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: 171529346@ qq． com ABSTＲACT Hydrodynamic simulations were performed on a bionic water propulsion unit，and the mechanical properties of the propulsion unit were analyzed according to several simulation data under different conditions． This study was focused on the change laws of the lift，thrust and power curves of the propulsion unit at different speeds and altitude conditions，and several conclusions were summarized which would be helpful to design and optimize the bionic propulsion unit． Finally，relevant tests were done by means of an impeller mechanism test system，and the rationality of these conclusions was confirmed through test data． The results show that with increasing speed，the lift and thrust generated by the propulsion unit increase，the machinery efficiency and propulsion efficiency improve，but the lift efficiency decreases． The longer the distance between the axis of the propulsion unit and the water surface，within a certain range the greater the propulsion efficiency and lift efficiency are． Ｒeasonable structure design can significantly improve the propulsion efficiency and lifts efficiency． KEY WOＲDS impellers; bionics; propulsion; hydromechanics; simulations 收稿日期: 2015--12--31 目前，两栖车辆高速航行技术已经在民用领域和 军用领域都获得快速发展． 在轻型两栖车辆中，瑞士 Ｒinspeed 公司采用水翼技术已经使航速达到 80 km· h － 1 ; 而在中重型两栖车辆中最具代表性的是美国研制 的两栖远征战车( expeditionary fighting vehicle，EFV) ， 其航速可达 46. 6 km·h － 1 ，而车重更在 22. 8 t 以上［1］． 这些技术的共同特点是在滑水航态下车辆的排水体积 会大幅减少，从而使“阻力墙”现象消失，航行阻力大 大减小，进而实现高速航行． EFV 远征战车在海上高机动行驶时，依靠水动力