D0I:10.133745.issn1001-053x.2013.07.012 第35卷第7期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.35 No.7 2013年7月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jul.2013 极端嗜热硫杆菌浸出黄铁矿 王洪江)，黄明清)☒，王贻明)，吴爱祥)，张旭)，艾纯明) 1)北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京1000832)中国科学院微生物研究所，北京100101 通信作者，E-mail:seango@126.com 摘要为了探讨极端嗜热菌在高铁、高酸和高温条件下生物脱硫的可行性，采用从腾冲热海酸性温泉分离出的一株新 型极端嗜热硫杆菌开展了四组不同初始pH值条件下的黄铁矿生物柱浸实验.该菌株能耐受pH值为0.58、全铁质量浓 度为38.9gL-1的高酸高铁环境，同时维持580640mV的较低电位.初始pH值为2时，浸出28d后黄铁矿浸出率 达到最高为17.8%.生物浸出时，菌株生长依次表现出较明显的迟缓期、对数期和稳定期，且降低初始pH值会延长其 到达稳定期的时间.此外，70℃高温和全铁质量浓度为38.9gL一1的高铁体系能促进生成黄钾铁矾和少量单质硫沉淀， 而菌株能在pH值小于0.9时将大部分S°氧化为SO子. 关键词黄铁矿：生物浸矿：生物脱硫：酸性：表面形貌 分类号TF803.21:TD75+2.2 Bioleaching of pyrite by extreme thermophilic Thiobacillus WANG Hong-jiang),HUANG Ming-qing),WANG Yi-ming),WU Ai-riang),ZHANG Xu2), AI Chun-ming 1) 1)Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China Corresponding author,E-mail:seango@126.com ABSTRACT In order to investigate the feasibility of biodesulfurization by an extreme thermophile in high iron concentration,high acidity and elevated temperature environment,four groups of pyrite column bioleaching experiments at variable initial pH values were carried out by using a novel strain of extreme thermophilic Thiobacillus which was isolated from Rehai acidic hot spring in Tengchong in southwestern China.It is found that the new strain is resistant to high acid and high iron environment in which the pH value is 0.58 and the soluble iron concentration is 38.9 g-L, while the redox potential maintains at a low level from 580 to 640 mV.The highest value of iron recovery can reach up to 17.8%after leaching for 28 d when the initial pH value is 2.The bacterial growth evidently represents a lag phase,a logarithmic phase and a stationary phase sequentially in the traditional bioleaching route,while reducing the initial pH value can prolong the time of reaching the steady periodical.In addition,precipitation formation of jarosite and a little sulfur is promoted in the high iron system of which the total iron concentration is 38.9 gL and the temperature is 70 C.The novel strain can oxidize the majority of So to SO even when the pH value is lower than 0.9. KEY WORDS pyrites;bioleaching;biodesulfurization;acidity:surface morphology 作为世界上分布最广泛的矿物，硫化矿一直5%~10%的有色金属矿有内因火灾倾向口.事实上， 是金、铜等金属的重要来源.我国的金属矿山中 当硫化矿中含硫质量分数大于15%时，硫化矿的开 约有1/3含硫量偏高，其中20%30%的硫铁矿及 采、运输和堆浸过程中便容易产生自热甚至自燃现 收稿日期：2012-03-04 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50934002,51074013)：新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NECT-07-0070):教育部长江 学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT0950)第 35 卷 第 7 期 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Vol. 35 No. 7 2013 年 7 月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jul. 2013 极端嗜热硫杆菌浸出黄铁矿 王洪江1)，黄明清1) ，王贻明1)，吴爱祥1)，张 旭2)，艾纯明1) 1) 北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083 2) 中国科学院微生物研究所，北京 100101 通信作者，E-mail: seango@126.com 摘 要 为了探讨极端嗜热菌在高铁、高酸和高温条件下生物脱硫的可行性，采用从腾冲热海酸性温泉分离出的一株新 型极端嗜热硫杆菌开展了四组不同初始 pH 值条件下的黄铁矿生物柱浸实验. 该菌株能耐受 pH 值为 0.58、全铁质量浓 度为 38.9 g·L −1 的高酸高铁环境，同时维持 580∼640 mV 的较低电位. 初始 pH 值为 2 时，浸出 28 d 后黄铁矿浸出率 达到最高为 17.8%. 生物浸出时，菌株生长依次表现出较明显的迟缓期、对数期和稳定期，且降低初始 pH 值会延长其 到达稳定期的时间. 此外，70 ℃高温和全铁质量浓度为 38.9 g·L −1 的高铁体系能促进生成黄钾铁矾和少量单质硫沉淀， 而菌株能在 pH 值小于 0.9 时将大部分 S 0 氧化为 SO2− 4 . 关键词 黄铁矿；生物浸矿；生物脱硫；酸性；表面形貌 分类号 TF803.21; TD75+2.2 Bioleaching of pyrite by extreme thermophilic Thiobacillus WANG Hong-jiang 1), HUANG Ming-qing 1) , WANG Yi-ming 1), WU Ai-xiang 1), ZHANG Xu 2) , AI Chun-ming 1) 1) Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Corresponding author, E-mail: seango@126.com ABSTRACT In order to investigate the feasibility of biodesulfurization by an extreme thermophile in high iron concentration, high acidity and elevated temperature environment, four groups of pyrite column bioleaching experiments at variable initial pH values were carried out by using a novel strain of extreme thermophilic Thiobacillus which was isolated from Rehai acidic hot spring in Tengchong in southwestern China. It is found that the new strain is resistant to high acid and high iron environment in which the pH value is 0.58 and the soluble iron concentration is 38.9 g·L −1 , while the redox potential maintains at a low level from 580 to 640 mV. The highest value of iron recovery can reach up to 17.8% after leaching for 28 d when the initial pH value is 2. The bacterial growth evidently represents a lag phase, a logarithmic phase and a stationary phase sequentially in the traditional bioleaching route, while reducing the initial pH value can prolong the time of reaching the steady periodical. In addition, precipitation formation of jarosite and a little sulfur is promoted in the high iron system of which the total iron concentration is 38.9 g·L −1 and the temperature is 70 ℃. The novel strain can oxidize the majority of S0 to SO2− 4 even when the pH value is lower than 0.9. KEY WORDS pyrites; bioleaching; biodesulfurization; acidity; surface morphology 作为世界上分布最广泛的矿物，硫化矿一直 是金、铜等金属的重要来源. 我国的金属矿山中 约有 1/3 含硫量偏高，其中 20%∼30%的硫铁矿及 5%∼10%的有色金属矿有内因火灾倾向[1] . 事实上， 当硫化矿中含硫质量分数大于 15%时，硫化矿的开 采、运输和堆浸过程中便容易产生自热甚至自燃现 收稿日期：2012–03–04 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (50934002，51074013)；新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目 (NECT-07-0070)；教育部长江 学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目 (IRT0950) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2013.07.012