PLEURAL EFFUSION CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Patients with pleural effusions may be asymptomatic 状)or may experience dyspnea(呼吸困难).When the parietal pleura is actively inflamed,pain can be present, and it is generally unilateral(单侧)，sharp,and worsens with inspiration. At times,effusions may be suffciently large to contribute to respiratory failure(呼吸衰竭).Physical findings include dullness to percussion(叩诊浊音)in the area of the effusion,along with diminished breath sounds(呼吸音减弱) and absent tactile fremitus(触觉语颤)， 第 一 部 分 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Patients with pleural effusions may be asymptomatic（无症 状） or may experience dyspnea（呼吸困难）. When the parietal pleura is actively inflamed, pain can be present, and it is generally unilateral（单侧）, sharp, and worsens with inspiration. At times, effusions may be suffciently large to contribute to respiratory failure（呼吸衰竭）. Physical findings include dullness to percussion （叩诊浊音）in the area of the effusion, along with diminished breath sounds（呼吸音减弱） and absent tactile fremitus（触觉语颤）. PLEURAL EFFUSION