1.1 System and Surroundings Thermodynamic system -Any three-dimensional region of space bounded by one or more arbitrary geometric surfaces SURROUNDINGS Surroundings SYSTEM -The region of space outside the arbitrary boundaries BOUNDARY Abstraction of system Air Air actuating shaft gasoline gasoline Automobile engine actuating shaft Boundary > exhaust gas (a) (h) 上游充通大学 February 28,2019 3 SHANGHAI JLAO TONG UNIVERSITYFebruary 28, 2019 3 1.1 System and Surroundings Thermodynamic system –Any three-dimensional region of space bounded by one or more arbitrary geometric surfaces Surroundings –The region of space outside the arbitrary boundaries Abstraction of system Automobile engine