PO LANT是 呵°,,_L^叫Pp:,Mom 203110203010203110203010Day 1匚 Storage un der natural condition 2 30C for 20 h 30℃for40d Storage at30℃for80d 1-2+3-4 B 8890号月 61 73798593 Days post plantin Fig. 3 High storage temperature increases the fowering percentage of 2-year-old bulbs.(A)Illustration of different storage treatments of narcissus bulbs, with temperature regimes shown below the corresponding date, and continuous lines representing periods between 22 an 25C.(B)Effect of storage temperature on the percentage of bolting plants at different days from the planting date. Different lower case letters indicate signifcant differences between different treatments at a given time point(Pearsons x, P<0.05, n= 30-0). Detailed temperature regimes in(b)are shown in(A). the 35S: NFT1 construct in ft-3 Lowered later than the WT Ler Expression of NFT1 in Chinese narcissus induced plants, these lines flowered about 15 d earlier and made 3-10 by foral inductive treatment leaves fewer than the ft-3 controls(Fig. 6F). Several transgenic The foregoing data showed that flowers were differentiated in lines were selected for the semi-quantitative or qRT-PCR ana- the bulbs during dormancy, when the species has no leaf, and lysis of the expression levels in mature leaves. All transgenic that flower initiation in Chinese narcissus was induced and lines showed NFT1 expression(Fig. 6C, G; Supplementary advanced by high temperature. The change in transcription Fig. $3).SOC1 is one of the targets of FT (Lee and Lee 2010), abundance in the bulb apices was assayed using RT-PCR and and the SOCI transcript was up-regulated by the ectopic ex- RT-PCR during the entire storage time to determine whether pression of NFTI(Fig. 6D, H; Supplementary Fig. $3). SoC1 flower transition is related to NFT1 expression NFT1 gene tran- expression levels in the transgenic lines of ft-3 were higher scription increased gradually at 1 month before the early Alower than those of the parent line of ft-3. However, they were not transition (indicated by the triangle in Fig. 7A)under natural consistently than that of WT Ler plants(Fig. 6H; conditions, and reached its peak at the moment of flower tran- Supplementa S3B). The expression of endogenous sition( Fig. 7A, B). NFTI gene transcription also increased grad AtFT in the transgenic lines was also not consistently higher ually in the apices of the bulbs stored at high temperature than in the parent lines(Fig. 6D, H; Supplementary Fig S3). (300C). Moreover, NFTI gene transcription in the bulb apices 274 Plant Cell Physiol. 54(2): 270-281(2013)doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcs181 C The Author 2013the 35S::NFT1 construct in ft-3 flowered later than the WT Ler plants, these lines flowered about 15 d earlier and made 3–10 leaves fewer than the ft-3 controls (Fig. 6F). Several transgenic lines were selected for the semi-quantitative or qRT-PCR ana￾lysis of the expression levels in mature leaves. All transgenic lines showed NFT1 expression (Fig. 6C, G; Supplementary Fig. S3). SOC1 is one of the targets of FT (Lee and Lee 2010), and the SOC1 transcript was up-regulated by the ectopic ex￾pression of NFT1(Fig. 6D, H; Supplementary Fig. S3). SOC1 expression levels in the transgenic lines of ft-3 were higher than those of the parent line of ft-3. However, they were not consistently higher than that of WT Ler plants (Fig. 6H; Supplementary Fig. S3B). The expression of endogenous AtFT in the transgenic lines was also not consistently higher than in the parent lines (Fig. 6D, H; Supplementary Fig. S3). Expression of NFT1 in Chinese narcissus induced by floral inductive treatment The foregoing data showed that flowers were differentiated in the bulbs during dormancy, when the species has no leaf, and that flower initiation in Chinese narcissus was induced and advanced by high temperature. The change in transcription abundance in the bulb apices was assayed using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR during the entire storage time to determine whether flower transition is related to NFT1 expression. NFT1 gene tran￾scription increased gradually at 1 month before the early flower transition (indicated by the triangle in Fig. 7A) under natural conditions, and reached its peak at the moment of flower tran￾sition (Fig. 7A, B). NFT1 gene transcription also increased grad￾ually in the apices of the bulbs stored at high temperature (30C). Moreover, NFT1 gene transcription in the bulb apices Fig. 3 High storage temperature increases the flowering percentage of 2-year-old bulbs. (A) Illustration of different storage treatments of narcissus bulbs, with temperature regimes shown below the corresponding date, and continuous lines representing periods between 22 and 25C. (B) Effect of storage temperature on the percentage of bolting plants at different days from the planting date. Different lower case letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at a given time point (Pearson’s 2 , P < 0.05, n = 30–0). Detailed temperature regimes in (B) are shown in (A). 274 Plant Cell Physiol. 54(2): 270–281 (2013) doi:10.1093/pcp/pcs181 ! The Author 2013. X.-F. Li et al. at East China Normal University on June 3, 2013 http://pcp.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from