486 Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook 1几=1h。+10+1mh+1m+1h h, =1000 Btu/hr ft2F Condensing steam h Clean steam h=39000 1#16 BWG copper tubing h=500 Inside fouling coefficient h;=600 Aqueous solution of inorganic salt U=(0.001+00+0.003+0.002+0.0016) =2l3 Btw/hr ft2°F Ts outside tube inside tube Figure 4. Head conduction through a laminated tube with fluid at temperature T. inside and fluid temperature To outside.(From Transport Phenomena by R. B. Bird, W.E Stewart, andE N Lightfoot, p. 287, John wiley& Sons, Inc, 1960. Used with permission.486 Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook 1/U = l/h, + l/hfo + l/h, + l/hJ + l/h, Example: h, = 1000 Btu/hr ft2 OF Condensing steam hf, = very large h, = 39,000 hfi = 500 hi = 600 Aqueous solution of inorganic salt U = (0.001 + 0.0 + 0.003 + 0.002 + 0.0016)-' = 213 Bdhr ft2 OF Clean steam 1" #16 BWG copper tubing Inside fouling coefficient Fluid at temperature I I /I Figure 4. Head conduction through a laminated tube with fluid at temperature To inside and fluid temperature Tb outside. (From Transport Phenomena by R. B. Bird, W. E. Stewart, andE. N. Lightfoot, p. 287, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1960. Usedwith permission.)