工程科学学报，第37卷，第12期：1667-1675,2015年12月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.37,No.12:1667-1675,December 2015 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2015.12.020:http://journals..ustb.edu.cn 警报接收端优化部署 盖文妹12》，蒋仲安”四，邓云峰》，李竞》，杜焱” 1)北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院，北京1000832)国家行政学院，北京100089 3)中国安全科学生产研究院，北京100012 ☒通信作者，E-mail:jal963@263.nct 摘要基于个体脆弱性模型将毒气扩散场景下人员疏散过程中的个人风险量化，并根据警报传播和人员跃迁规律求解不 同警报接收端部署比例下的个人风险.运用运筹学中图论及多目标优化方法建立高含硫井场警报接收端部署双目标优化模 型，并基于贪心算法思想提出求解该模型的实用算法，从而获得模型的较好非劣解。以某山区高含硫井场应急预警通知项目 为例，通过程序运算得到该井场警报接收端部署子区域的边界及对应的部署比例.分析表明，在降低部署成本及缓解道路拥 塞水平方面，该优化部署方法比传统的平均部署方法更具优越性. 关键词安全工程：警报系统：部署：多目标优化模型：贪心策略：天然气井 分类号X931:X913.1 Optimized placement of indoor alarm receiving terminals GAI Wen-mei,JIANG Zhong-an,DENG Yun-feng?,LI Jing,DU Yan 1)School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Chinese Academy of Government,Beijing 100089,China 3)China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China Corresponding author,E-mail:jzal963@263.net ABSTRACT Individual risks in evacuation under toxic gas diffusion conditions were quantified on the basis of the human vulnerabil- ity model.The alert communication and people transition laws were used to determine individual risks at different deployment ratios of alert receiving devices.A bi-objective mathematical model of deployment for alert receiving devices around natural gas wells in opera- tion was built by the graph theory and multi-objective optimization method,and based on the greedy algorithm a practical algorithm was introduced to solve a better non-inferior solution of the model.Finally,taking the emergency warning project of a montanic gas well as an example,the border of deployment sub-regions and the corresponding deployment proportion were achieved by program computa- tion.The results show that,for the same risk mitigation goals,this method has a better economy than the average deployment method in reducing deployment costs and relieving road congestion. KEY WORDS safety engineering:warning systems:placement:multi-objective optimization models:greedy strategies;natural gas wells 近年来，中国含疏气田勘探开发的安全生产形势有效应对此类突发事件对于减少人员伤亡和经济损失 严峻，相继发生几起重特大井喷失控、硫化氢中毒事 尤为重要-.目前世界上许多国家都把广播作为政 故，给社会带来了严重不良影响，建立高效预警机制并 府应急系统中一个重要通道，而应急广播收音机则是 收稿日期：2014-0605 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71173198,91324017,71103162)：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAK03B05:2012BAK20B02):中国 安全生产科学研究院基本科研项目“移动群载波应急报警广播系统研制开发”资助顶目(2014JBKY02）工程科学学报，第 37 卷，第 12 期: 1667--1675，2015 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 37，No． 12: 1667--1675，December 2015 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2015． 12． 020; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 警报接收端优化部署 盖文妹1，2) ，蒋仲安1) ，邓云峰2) ，李 竞3) ，杜 焱1) 1) 北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083 2) 国家行政学院，北京 100089 3) 中国安全科学生产研究院，北京 100012  通信作者，E-mail: jza1963@ 263． net 摘 要 基于个体脆弱性模型将毒气扩散场景下人员疏散过程中的个人风险量化，并根据警报传播和人员跃迁规律求解不 同警报接收端部署比例下的个人风险． 运用运筹学中图论及多目标优化方法建立高含硫井场警报接收端部署双目标优化模 型，并基于贪心算法思想提出求解该模型的实用算法，从而获得模型的较好非劣解． 以某山区高含硫井场应急预警通知项目 为例，通过程序运算得到该井场警报接收端部署子区域的边界及对应的部署比例． 分析表明，在降低部署成本及缓解道路拥 塞水平方面，该优化部署方法比传统的平均部署方法更具优越性． 关键词 安全工程; 警报系统; 部署; 多目标优化模型; 贪心策略; 天然气井 分类号 X931; X913. 1 Optimized placement of indoor alarm receiving terminals GAI Wen-mei1，2) ，JIANG Zhong-an1)  ，DENG Yun-feng2) ，LI Jing3) ，DU Yan1) 1) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) Chinese Academy of Government，Beijing 100089，China 3) China Academy of Safety Science and Technology，Beijing 100012，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: jza1963@ 263． net ABSTＲACT Individual risks in evacuation under toxic gas diffusion conditions were quantified on the basis of the human vulnerabil￾ity model． The alert communication and people transition laws were used to determine individual risks at different deployment ratios of alert receiving devices． A bi-objective mathematical model of deployment for alert receiving devices around natural gas wells in opera￾tion was built by the graph theory and multi-objective optimization method，and based on the greedy algorithm a practical algorithm was introduced to solve a better non-inferior solution of the model． Finally，taking the emergency warning project of a montanic gas well as an example，the border of deployment sub-regions and the corresponding deployment proportion were achieved by program computa￾tion． The results show that，for the same risk mitigation goals，this method has a better economy than the average deployment method in reducing deployment costs and relieving road congestion． KEY WOＲDS safety engineering; warning systems; placement; multi-objective optimization models; greedy strategies; natural gas wells 收稿日期: 2014--06--05 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 71173198，91324017，71103162) ; 国家科技支撑计划资助项目( 2012BAK03B05; 2012BAK20B02) ; 中国 安全生产科学研究院基本科研项目“移动群载波应急报警广播系统研制开发”资助项目( 2014JBKY02) 近年来，中国含硫气田勘探开发的安全生产形势 严峻，相继发生几起重特大井喷失控、硫化氢中毒事 故，给社会带来了严重不良影响，建立高效预警机制并 有效应对此类突发事件对于减少人员伤亡和经济损失 尤为重要［1--3］． 目前世界上许多国家都把广播作为政 府应急系统中一个重要通道，而应急广播收音机则是