Picture interpretation and Jungian typology ed in analytical psychology unproven in its reliability and validity (1988 p. Io9). A similar criticism has been made by Wadeson(I980, p. 329), who stated that a tendency to resort to speculation without scientific substantiation is problematic in art therapy. Furth does recognize the empirical findings supporting Bachs system, but he also pointed out that her theory was derived from studying seriously ill children, a very specialized sample. Furth concerned that quadrant theories are used as recipes with cookbook nterpretations, which ignore pictures as a unified whole. They also tend to overlook the dynamic and complex nature of the therapeutic interaction. Further- nore, they often disregard other important elements in drawings. It is with such criticism in mind that the present study on the jungian quadrant method of picture interpretation was conducted Although this Jungian quadrant schema is intriguing, and at times seeing it put into practice makes it appear valid and useful, it certainly leads inquisitive minds to wonder about many things. Do the particular areas of a drawing have specific symbolic meanings as this schema suggests(is it valid)? Could this schema be more accessible to certain individuals than others? Specifically could individuals with specific psychological types within Jung's personali theory respond ily to this schema than others? As far there are no scientific studies regarding any of these questions. As Gregg Furth states,quadrant theory is included in the curriculum at the C G. Jung Institute in Zurich, though I have not seen nor have I heard of any scientific studies to validate this particular approach(1988, P. IIo Three questions served as the foci of the present study. The first question addressed was the validity of the Jungian quadrant schema. This study investi gated the association between particular quadrants of a drawing and the pro- posed meanings suggested by this schema. two different tests were used to address this question: a space domain test and a colour associative test. In the space domain test, individuals were asked to draw four pictures concerning each of the four aspects of the schema. Based on the theory, it was hypothe sized that the pictures drawn should tend to appear in the associated quad rants at a rate higher than chance. In the colour associative test, an individu associated a particular colour with each of the four aspects of the schema They were then asked to draw a picture with the four colours they selected Following the theory of this schema, it was hypothesized that these colours should appear at a percentage greater than chance in the associated quadrants of the drawings The second question was whether certain Jungian psychological types would respond better than others to the schema. In other words, the question was whether the quadrant interpretation schema was more valid for some personality types than for others. Jung's(1971)typology is based on two atti- tudes and four function types. The two different attitudes are: introversion, where one focuses on the inner world and extraversion where one focuses on he outer world. The four functions are divided as such: the way one perceivesPicture interpretation and Jungian typology 85 used in analytical psychology unproven in its reliability and validity (1988, p. 109). A similar criticism has been made by Wadeson (1980, p. 329), who stated that a tendency to resort to speculation without scientific substantiation is problematic in art therapy. Furth does recognize the empirical findings supporting Bach’s system, but he also pointed out that her theory was derived from studying seriously ill children, a very specialized sample. Furth is concerned that quadrant theories are used as recipes with cookbook interpretations, which ignore pictures as a unified whole. They also tend to overlook the dynamic and complex nature of the therapeutic interaction. Further￾more, they often disregard other important elements in drawings. It is with such criticism in mind that the present study on the Jungian quadrant method of picture interpretation was conducted. Although this Jungian quadrant schema is intriguing, and at times seeing it put into practice makes it appear valid and useful, it certainly leads inquisitive minds to wonder about many things. Do the particular areas of a drawing have specific symbolic meanings as this schema suggests (is it valid)? Could this schema be more accessible to certain individuals than others? Specifically, could individuals with specific psychological types within Jung’s personality theory respond more readily to this schema than others? As far as we know, there are no scientific studies regarding any of these questions. As Gregg Furth states, ‘quadrant theory is included in the curriculum at the C. G. Jung Institute in Zürich, though I have not seen nor have I heard of any scientific studies to validate this particular approach (1988, p. 110)’. Three questions served as the foci of the present study. The first question addressed was the validity of the Jungian quadrant schema. This study investi￾gated the association between particular quadrants of a drawing and the pro￾posed meanings suggested by this schema. Two different tests were used to address this question: a space domain test and a colour associative test. In the space domain test, individuals were asked to draw four pictures concerning each of the four aspects of the schema. Based on the theory, it was hypothe￾sized that the pictures drawn should tend to appear in the associated quad￾rants at a rate higher than chance. In the colour associative test, an individual associated a particular colour with each of the four aspects of the schema. They were then asked to draw a picture with the four colours they selected. Following the theory of this schema, it was hypothesized that these colours should appear at a percentage greater than chance in the associated quadrants of the drawings. The second question was whether certain Jungian psychological types would respond better than others to the schema. In other words, the question was whether the quadrant interpretation schema was more valid for some personality types than for others. Jung’s (1971) typology is based on two atti￾tudes and four function types. The two different attitudes are: introversion, where one focuses on the inner world; and extraversion, where one focuses on the outer world. The four functions are divided as such: the way one perceives