CONTENTS vii 5.5 The Watched Pot 135 5.6 Hidden Variables and Bell's Theorem 137 Problems 140 PART 2 Introduction to Quantum Field Theory 143 6 Second Quantization of Spin 1/2 and Spin 1 Fields 145 6.1 Second Quantization of Spin Fields 145 6.1.1 Plane Wave Solutions 145 6.1.2 Normalization of Spinors 146 6.1.3 Energy 148 6.1.4 Momentum 151 6.1.5 Creation and Annihilation Operators 151 6.2 Second Quantization of Spin 1 Fields 155 Problems 159 7 Covariant Perturbation Theory and Applications 161 7.1 Covariant Perturbation Theory 161 7.1.1 Hamiltonian Density 161 7.1.2 Interaction Representation 165 7.1.3 Covariant Perturbation Theory 168 7.2 W and Z Boson Decays 171 7.2.1 Amplitude 171 7.2.2 Decay Rate 173 7.2.3 Summation over Spin 174 7.2.4 Integration over Phase Space 179 7.2.5 Interpretation 181 7.3 Feynman Graphs 183 7.4 Second Order Processes and Propagators 185 7.4.1 Annihilation and Scattering 185 7.4.2 Time-Ordered Product 187 Problems 193 8 Quantum Electrodynamics 195 8.1 Electron-Positron Annihilation 195 8.2 Electron-Muon Scattering 201 Problems 204 Index 207CONTENTS vii 5.5 The Watched Pot 135 5.6 Hidden Variables and Bell’s Theorem 137 Problems 140 PART 2 Introduction to Quantum Field Theory 143 6 Second Quantization of Spin 1/2 and Spin 1 Fields 145 6.1 Second Quantization of Spin 1 2 Fields 145 6.1.1 Plane Wave Solutions 145 6.1.2 Normalization of Spinors 146 6.1.3 Energy 148 6.1.4 Momentum 151 6.1.5 Creation and Annihilation Operators 151 6.2 Second Quantization of Spin 1 Fields 155 Problems 159 7 Covariant Perturbation Theory and Applications 161 7.1 Covariant Perturbation Theory 161 7.1.1 Hamiltonian Density 161 7.1.2 Interaction Representation 165 7.1.3 Covariant Perturbation Theory 168 7.2 W and Z Boson Decays 171 7.2.1 Amplitude 171 7.2.2 Decay Rate 173 7.2.3 Summation over Spin 174 7.2.4 Integration over Phase Space 179 7.2.5 Interpretation 181 7.3 Feynman Graphs 183 7.4 Second Order Processes and Propagators 185 7.4.1 Annihilation and Scattering 185 7.4.2 Time-Ordered Product 187 Problems 193 8 Quantum Electrodynamics 195 8.1 Electron-Positron Annihilation 195 8.2 Electron-Muon Scattering 201 Problems 204 Index 207