Eco-tourism and Country park planning and management Lecture 12 Eco-tourism and Country park planning and management Outline o Country parks: origin and function Country park planning and management Ecotourism: origin and definitions Ecotourism potentials in HK e Constraints and limitatic Introduction Ecotourism is an off-shoot of tourism Tourism is the temporary movement away from immediate ho munities and daily work environments for usiness, pleasure and sundry reasons Tourism is the world's largest industry(WTTC et al, 1995) Comprises 6% of global gross national product(GNP) Q Annual turnover HK$31 trillion 9 Globe's biggest employer; ●10% of the workforce; o Infrastructure investment Q Provides rural opportunities Tourism comes in diferent ways 9 mass tourism. event tourism nature-based tourism cultural and heritage tourism. environmental tourism and eco-tourism etc ourism contribute to the following o financial support for protection and management of natural area O economic benefits for residents living near natural areas. and support for conservation among the residents o when the notion of sustainable development was raised after 1992, the concept of 'sustainable tourism followed It had many derivatives such as alternative tourism, green tourism, responsible tourism and eco-tourism What is ecotourism? Ecotourism is a component of the field of sustainable tourism Until recently, there has been some confusion surrounding the origin of the term 'ecotourism', as evident in the tremendous volume of literature on the topic. Origin and definition of Ecotourism Pio. Ecotourism dates at least to 1965 when Hetzer called for a rethinking of culture, education, and tourism, and promoted an ecological tourism concept Valentine(1991)notes that ecotourism appears in the literature in many forms as: adventure tourism nature-oriented tourism, alternative tourism, appropriate tourism, responsible tourism, ethical touri environmental-friendly travel, green tourism, sustainable tourism and nature tourism this list can extend with other special cases:- quality tourism, ethnic tourism, cultural tourism, socioecological tourism, photo safari tourism, dive tourism, and surfing tourism Enery, as well as appreciating cultural manifestations found in the area..while producing econome 1. The Ecotourism Society: "responsible travel that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of Today, ecotourism is a concept that champions, o preservation-conservation;and sustainable development ideals Principles ofEcotourism There is the need to establish acceptable definitions, principles, guidelines and even certification; These processes should have regional biases, but there exists a general guiding principle Principles of Ecotourism As ecotourism guidelines are being developed, it is important to consider some issues but locally and globallyEco-tourism and Country park planning and management 1 Lecture 12 Eco-tourism and Country park planning and management Outline:  Country parks: origin and function  Country park planning and management  Ecotourism: origin and definitions  Ecotourism potentials in HK  Constraints and limitations Introduction Ecotourism is an off-shoot of tourism Tourism is the temporary movement away from immediate home/communities and daily work environments for business, pleasure and sundry reasons. Tourism is the world’s largest industry (WTTC et al., 1995). Comprises 6% of global gross national product (GNP) Annual turnover HK$31 trillion;  Globe’s biggest employer;  10% of the workforce;  Infrastructure investment;  Provides rural opportunities; Tourism comes in different ways:  mass tourism, event tourism, nature-based tourism, cultural and heritage tourism, environmental tourism and eco-tourism etc Tourism contribute to the following: ⚫ financial support for protection and management of natural areas; ⚫ economic benefits for residents living near natural areas; and ⚫ support for conservation among the residents. So when the notion of sustainable development was raised after 1992, the concept of ‘sustainable tourism’ followed; It had many derivatives such as alternative tourism, green tourism, responsible tourism and eco-tourism. What is ecotourism? Ecotourism is a component of the field of sustainable tourism. Until recently, there has been some confusion surrounding the origin of the term ‘ecotourism’, as evident in the tremendous volume of literature on the topic. Origin and definition of Ecotourism Ecotourism dates at least to 1965 when Hetzer called for a rethinking of culture, education, and tourism, and promoted an ecological tourism concept. Valentine (1991) notes that ecotourism appears in the literature in many forms as: adventure tourism, nature-oriented tourism, alternative tourism, appropriate tourism, responsible tourism, ethical tourism, environmental-friendly travel, green tourism, sustainable tourism and nature tourism….. this list can extend with other special cases: – quality tourism, ethnic tourism, cultural tourism, socioecological tourism, photo safari tourism, dive tourism, and surfing tourism 1. Ceballos-Lascurain (1987): “traveling to relatively undisturbed natural areas to study, admire and enjoy the scenery, as well as appreciating cultural manifestations found in the areas…… while producing economic benefit to local citizens.” 1. The Ecotourism Society: “responsible travel that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people.” Today, ecotourism is a concept that champions;  preservation-conservation; and  sustainable development ideals Principles of Ecotourism There is the need to establish acceptable definitions, principles, guidelines and even certification; These processes should have regional biases, but there exists a general guiding principle Principles of Ecotourism As ecotourism guidelines are being developed, it is important to consider some issues but locally and globally: