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D0L:10.13374h.issn1001-053x.2012.09.009 第34卷第9期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.34 No.9 2012年9月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Sep.2012 铸造1060/AZ31包铝镁合金界面结构与显微组织 李坊平”于文斌)☒ 蒋显全”杨青山》 1)西南大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆4007152)重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400030 ☒通信作者,E-mail:ywb@swu.edu.cn 摘要为探索和改善轧制包铝镁合金板的界面结合状况,用气体保护铸造法制备了1060铝板包覆AZ31镁合金铸锭.借助 金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及X射线衍射等分析方法,研究了复合铸锭芯材及界面的显微组织和相结构,并进行了硬度测试.发 现AZ31镁合金芯材组织由αMg基体以及沿晶界分布的不连续网状αMg+BMg,Al2共晶体组成,是一种典型的铸造离异 共晶组织.铸造包铝镁合金锭界面形成扩散溶解层,扩散溶解层由aMg固溶体层、共晶层(aMg+B-Mgn Al2)、BMgA山2及 AMg化合物层组成,形成具有多层结构的治金结合界面.提出了浇注AZ31熔体的瞬间在1060铝板表面形成“熔池”并快速 凝固的界面形成机制. 关键词镁合金:铝合金:铸锭:铸造:金属复合:扩散:显微组织 分类号TG335.8 Microstructure and interfacial configuration of AZ31 magnesium alloy ingots clad by 1060 aluminium LI Fang-ping",YU Wen-bin,JIANG Xian-quan,YANG Qing-shan 1)School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China 2)School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongging University,Chongging 400030,China Corresponding author,E-mail:ywb@swu.edu.cn ABSTRACT 1060 aluminium cladding AZ31 magnesium alloy composite ingots were prepared under gas protection to investigate and improve the interfacial combination.The microstructure,phase constituents and microhardness of the matrix and the interface were studied by use of optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and X-ray diffraction (XRD).It is found that the microstructure of the as-east AZ31 magnesium alloy consists mainly of the a-Mg matrix and the typical divorced eutectic of a-Mg and B- MgAl2 phases distributed along grain boundaries.A diffusion fusion layer forms in the interface,leading to a complex metallurgical interface with a multilayer of the a-Mg solid solution zone,the eutectic (a-Mg B-MgAl)zone and the Mg-Al intermetallic com- pound zone.The Mg-Al intermetallic compounds are made up of B-MgAl and AlMg.It is proposed that the formation mechanism of the complex interface layer is due to the emergence of a molten bath on the 1060 Al plate surface at AZ31 melt pouring moment and the rapid solidification subsequently. KEY WORDS magnesium alloys:aluminum alloys;ingots:casting;metal cladding:diffusion:microstructure 镁合金是目前最轻的金属结构材料,具有高的 制镁合金应用的关键因素之一;此外,镁合金的加工 比强度和比刚度、电磁屏蔽性好和减震性好等特点, 变形能力差也限制了变形镁合金的发展.镁合 在航空航天、汽车和3C产品中具有广泛的应用前 金轧制板材具有广阔的开发应用潜力,为解决腐蚀 景.然而,由于镁的化学活泼性很高,并且形成 和加工问题,采用耐蚀和加工性能良好的铝合金包 的氧化膜疏松多孔,对基体没有足够的保护能力,不 覆在镁合金表面进行轧制,获得的包铝镁板层状复 适用于大多数腐蚀性环境,镁合金的腐蚀已成为限 合材料既具有良好的耐腐蚀能力,又可大大改善镁 收稿日期:201108-02 基金项目:重庆市重大科技攻关项目(CSTC2009AB4005)第 34 卷 第 9 期 2012 年 9 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 34 No. 9 Sep. 2012 铸造 1060 /AZ31 包铝镁合金界面结构与显微组织 李坊平1) 于文斌1) 蒋显全1) 杨青山2) 1) 西南大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆 400715 2) 重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆 400030 通信作者,E-mail: ywb@ swu. edu. cn 摘 要 为探索和改善轧制包铝镁合金板的界面结合状况,用气体保护铸造法制备了 1060 铝板包覆 AZ31 镁合金铸锭. 借助 金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及 X 射线衍射等分析方法,研究了复合铸锭芯材及界面的显微组织和相结构,并进行了硬度测试. 发 现 AZ31 镁合金芯材组织由 α-Mg 基体以及沿晶界分布的不连续网状 α-Mg + β-Mg17Al12共晶体组成,是一种典型的铸造离异 共晶组织. 铸造包铝镁合金锭界面形成扩散溶解层,扩散溶解层由 α-Mg 固溶体层、共晶层( α-Mg + β-Mg17Al12 ) 、β-Mg17Al12及 AlMg 化合物层组成,形成具有多层结构的冶金结合界面. 提出了浇注 AZ31 熔体的瞬间在 1060 铝板表面形成“熔池”并快速 凝固的界面形成机制. 关键词 镁合金; 铝合金; 铸锭; 铸造; 金属复合; 扩散; 显微组织 分类号 TG335. 8 Microstructure and interfacial configuration of AZ31 magnesium alloy ingots clad by 1060 aluminium LI Fang-ping1) ,YU Wen-bin1) ,JIANG Xian-quan1) ,YANG Qing-shan2) 1) School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China 2) School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China Corresponding author,E-mail: ywb@ swu. edu. cn ABSTRACT 1060 aluminium cladding AZ31 magnesium alloy composite ingots were prepared under gas protection to investigate and improve the interfacial combination. The microstructure,phase constituents and microhardness of the matrix and the interface were studied by use of optical microscopy ( OM) ,scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and X-ray diffraction ( XRD) . It is found that the microstructure of the as-cast AZ31 magnesium alloy consists mainly of the α-Mg matrix and the typical divorced eutectic of α-Mg and β- Mg17Al12 phases distributed along grain boundaries. A diffusion fusion layer forms in the interface,leading to a complex metallurgical interface with a multilayer of the α-Mg solid solution zone,the eutectic ( α-Mg + β-Mg17Al12 ) zone and the Mg-Al intermetallic com￾pound zone. The Mg-Al intermetallic compounds are made up of β-Mg17Al12 and AlMg. It is proposed that the formation mechanism of the complex interface layer is due to the emergence of a molten bath on the 1060 Al plate surface at AZ31 melt pouring moment and the rapid solidification subsequently. KEY WORDS magnesium alloys; aluminum alloys; ingots; casting; metal cladding; diffusion; microstructure 收稿日期: 2011--08--02 基金项目: 重庆市重大科技攻关项目( CSTC2009AB4005) 镁合金是目前最轻的金属结构材料,具有高的 比强度和比刚度、电磁屏蔽性好和减震性好等特点, 在航空航天、汽车和 3C 产品中具有广泛的应用前 景[1--3]. 然而,由于镁的化学活泼性很高,并且形成 的氧化膜疏松多孔,对基体没有足够的保护能力,不 适用于大多数腐蚀性环境,镁合金的腐蚀已成为限 制镁合金应用的关键因素之一; 此外,镁合金的加工 变形能力差也限制了变形镁合金的发展[4--7]. 镁合 金轧制板材具有广阔的开发应用潜力,为解决腐蚀 和加工问题,采用耐蚀和加工性能良好的铝合金包 覆在镁合金表面进行轧制,获得的包铝镁板层状复 合材料既具有良好的耐腐蚀能力,又可大大改善镁 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2012.09.009
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