*Darwin'stheory ofevolution Social Darwinists("Survival of the fittest")colonialism or jingoism Einstein's theory relativity -a great momentum to the scientific research -entirely new ideas to the concepts oftime and space *Freud's analytical psychology:It has dramatically altered our conception ofhuman nature in both life and literature. 2)Social science: Karl Marx Friedrich Engels Arthur Schopenhauer(1788-1860) Friedrich Nietzsche(1844-1900) Henry Bergson(1859-1941) ●Modernism Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the idea of l0: psychoanalysis as its theoretical base.The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted,alienated and ill relationships between man and nature,man and society,man and man,and man and himself.The characteristics of modernismare as follows:★ Darwin’s theory of evolution Social Darwinists (“Survival of the fittest”) →colonialism or jingoism ★ Einstein’stheory relativity →a great momentum to the scientific research →entirely new ideas to the concepts of time and space ★ Freud’s analytical psychology: It has dramatically altered our conception of human nature in both life and literature. 2) Social science: Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) Henry Bergson (1859-1941) ● Modernism Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the idea of psychoanalysis as its theoretical base. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself. The characteristics of modernism are as follows: 10’