工程科学学报，第41卷，第6期：797-808,2019年6月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.41,No.6:797-808,June 2019 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.012:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn NM400/NM500级矿山机械用钢的高温磨损性能及 机理 黄夏旭四，申炎华，新舜尧，石博强 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京100083 区通信作者，E-mail:huangxx(@ustb.cu.cn 摘要将直径为5mm的混合烧结AL,O,陶瓷球安装在高温滑动摩擦试验机夹持工具上与耐磨钢组成摩擦副，研究了耐磨 钢与氧化铝陶瓷球在200~300N、l00~4O0r·mi1不同载荷下的滑动摩擦行为.结合X射线衍射分析技术和扫描电镜等分 析手段研究了NM400和NM500两种耐磨钢在室温~300℃下摩擦界面处材料的氧化物形成、磨损表面形貌和显微组织等行 为.随温度升高，NM400和NM500的摩擦系数仍然处于0.27-0.40的范围内，但两者的平均摩擦系数分别从0.337、0.323逐 步降低至了0.296和0.288.在300℃时，氧化物的产生是摩擦系数略有下降的主要原因.随着温度的升高，摩擦行为首先以 磨粒磨损为主，随后逐渐发生氧化物的压入一剥离一氧化现象，使磨损速率略有降低。通过高温摩擦磨损行为与微量氧化模型 的分析发现，NM400和NM500钢在室温至300℃的磨损机制是磨粒磨损、挤压变形磨损以及微量氧化物磨损的共同作用. NM500钢表现出更加良好的耐磨性能主要原因是其硬度强度高于NM400钢.在高强微合金马氏体耐磨钢中添加少量合金元 素，使其在高温摩擦过程中产生一定量稳定附着的氧化物，在一定程度上能够起到降低磨损率的作用 关键词磨粒磨损：高温磨损：氧化物磨损：提料箕斗：衬板 分类号TG142.72 High-temperature wear performance and mechanism of NM400/NM500 mining machin- ery steels HUANG Xia-xu,SHEN Yan-hua,JIN Shun-yao,SHI Bo-qiang School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:huangxx@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT The friction and wear behavior of NM400 and NM500 steels in the temperature range from room temperature to 300 C were investigated,including the formation of interface oxide,wear surface morphology,and microstructures.A high-temperature sliding friction tester was used to study the behavior of sliding friction between wear-resistant steel and Al2 O:ceramic balls under different loads of 200-300 N and speeds of 100-400rmin.A ball-disc friction pair containing mix-sintered Al2O ceramic balls with a di- ameter of 5 mm was mounted on the holding tool and steel plate.The friction coefficients of the two materials from room temperature to 300 C are determined to be in a range of 0.27-0.40,whereas the average friction coefficients of NM400 and NM500 steels are found to decrease gradually from 0.337 to 0.296 and from 0.323 to 0.288.The generation of oxides is the primary reason for slight decrease in the friction coefficient at a high temperature of 300C.The friction behavior is controlled by the abrasive wear mechanism,and then the phenomenon of pressureinto-peeling-oxidation of oxide gradually occurs at a higher temperature,which slightly reduces the wear rate.Larger amount of oxides are produced on the interface as the temperature increases,but this is not sufficient to form a continuous 收稿日期：2018-05-07 基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0600805)工程科学学报，第 41 卷，第 6 期: 797--808，2019 年 6 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 41，No． 6: 797--808，June 2019 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2019． 06． 012; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn NM400 /NM500 级 矿山机械用钢的高温磨损性能及 机理 黄夏旭，申炎华，靳舜尧，石博强 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京 100083 通信作者，E-mail: huangxx@ ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 将直径为 5 mm 的混合烧结 Al2O3陶瓷球安装在高温滑动摩擦试验机夹持工具上与耐磨钢组成摩擦副，研究了耐磨 钢与氧化铝陶瓷球在 200 ～ 300 N、100 ～ 400 r·min － 1不同载荷下的滑动摩擦行为． 结合 X 射线衍射分析技术和扫描电镜等分 析手段研究了 NM400 和 NM500 两种耐磨钢在室温 ～ 300 ℃下摩擦界面处材料的氧化物形成、磨损表面形貌和显微组织等行 为． 随温度升高，NM400 和 NM500 的摩擦系数仍然处于 0. 27 ～ 0. 40 的范围内，但两者的平均摩擦系数分别从 0. 337、0. 323 逐 步降低至了 0. 296 和 0. 288． 在 300 ℃时，氧化物的产生是摩擦系数略有下降的主要原因． 随着温度的升高，摩擦行为首先以 磨粒磨损为主，随后逐渐发生氧化物的压入--剥离--氧化现象，使磨损速率略有降低． 通过高温摩擦磨损行为与微量氧化模型 的分析发现，NM400 和 NM500 钢在室温至 300 ℃ 的磨损机制是磨粒磨损、挤压变形磨损以及微量氧化物磨损的共同作用． NM500 钢表现出更加良好的耐磨性能主要原因是其硬度强度高于 NM400 钢． 在高强微合金马氏体耐磨钢中添加少量合金元 素，使其在高温摩擦过程中产生一定量稳定附着的氧化物，在一定程度上能够起到降低磨损率的作用． 关键词 磨粒磨损; 高温磨损; 氧化物磨损; 提料箕斗; 衬板 分类号 TG142. 72 收稿日期: 2018--05--07 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目( 2016YFC0600805) High-temperature wear performance and mechanism of NM400 /NM500 mining machin￾ery steels HUANG Xia-xu ，SHEN Yan-hua，JIN Shun-yao，SHI Bo-qiang School of Mechanical Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China Corresponding author，E-mail: huangxx@ ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT The friction and wear behavior of NM400 and NM500 steels in the temperature range from room temperature to 300 ℃ were investigated，including the formation of interface oxide，wear surface morphology，and microstructures． A high-temperature sliding friction tester was used to study the behavior of sliding friction between wear-resistant steel and Al2 O3 ceramic balls under different loads of 200 － 300 N and speeds of 100 － 400 r·min － 1 ． A ball-disc friction pair containing mix-sintered Al2O3 ceramic balls with a di￾ameter of 5 mm was mounted on the holding tool and steel plate． The friction coefficients of the two materials from room temperature to 300 ℃ are determined to be in a range of 0. 27 － 0. 40，whereas the average friction coefficients of NM400 and NM500 steels are found to decrease gradually from 0. 337 to 0. 296 and from 0. 323 to 0. 288． The generation of oxides is the primary reason for slight decrease in the friction coefficient at a high temperature of 300 ℃ ． The friction behavior is controlled by the abrasive wear mechanism，and then the phenomenon of pressure-into-peeling-oxidation of oxide gradually occurs at a higher temperature，which slightly reduces the wear rate． Larger amount of oxides are produced on the interface as the temperature increases，but this is not sufficient to form a continuous