不完全竞争 Imperfect Competition 寡头 Oligopoly 不完全竞争指的是介于完全竞争 和纯垄断之间的那些市场结构。 第16章 Imperfect competition refers to Chapter 16 those market structures that fall between perfect competition and pure monopoly 不完全竞争 不完全竞争市场的类型 Imperfect Competition Types of Imperfectly Competitive Markets 不完全竞争包括这样的产业:企 ◆寡头 Oligopoly 业面临竞争,但竞争没有激烈到 只有少最几个卖者,每个卖者提供与其他企 使企业成为价格接受者。 Only a few sellers, each offering a similar or Imperfect competition includes identical product to the others industries in which firms have 垄断竞争 Monopolistic Competition competitors but do not face so 个有#多出售相似但不相同的产品的企业 much competition that they are ns selling products that are similar price takers but not identical 市场结构的四种类型 The Four Types of Market Structure 只有少数几个卖者的市场 Markets With Only 企业 Number of Firms? Few Sellers 由于只有少数几个卖者,寡头 Type of Products? 别产品 相同声晶 市场的关键特征是合作与利己 之间的冲突 Because of the few sellers the key feature of oligopoly is the tension between cooperation and self-interest1 寡头 Oligopoly 第16章 Chapter 16 2 不完全竞争 Imperfect Competition 不完全竞争指的是介于完全竞争 和纯垄断之间的那些市场结构。 Imperfect competition refers to those market structures that fall between perfect competition and pure monopoly. 3 不完全竞争 Imperfect Competition 不完全竞争包括这样的产业：企 业面临竞争，但竞争没有激烈到 使企业成为价格接受者。 Imperfect competition includes industries in which firms have competitors but do not face so much competition that they are price takers. 4 不完全竞争市场的类型 Types of Imperfectly Competitive Markets ‹寡头Oligopoly ‹ 只有少数几个卖者，每个卖者提供与其他企 业相似或相同的产品。 Only a few sellers, each offering a similar or identical product to the others. ‹垄断竞争Monopolistic Competition ‹ 一个有许多出售相似但不相同的产品的企业 的市场结构。 Many firms selling products that are similar but not identical. 5 市场结构的四种类型 The Four Types of Market Structure 垄断 Monopoly 寡头 Oligopoly 垄断竞争 Monopolistic Competition 完全竞争 Perfect Competition • 自来水 Tap water •有线电视 Cable TV • 网球 Tennis balls • 原油 Crude oil • 小说 Novels • 电影 Movies • 小麦 Wheat • 牛奶 Milk 企业数量 Number of Firms? 产品类型 Type of Products? 许多 Many 一家 firms One firm 几家 Few firms 有差别产品 Differentiated products 相同产品 Identical products 6 只有少数几个卖者的市场 Markets With Only a Few Sellers 由于只有少数几个卖者，寡头 市场的关键特征是合作与利己 之间的冲突。 Because of the few sellers, the key feature of oligopoly is the tension between cooperation and self-interest