Evolution of sciences, new data science era e Before 1600: Empirical science o1600-1950s: Theoretical science Each discipline has grown a theoretical component Theoretical models often motivate experiments and generalize our understanding 1950s-1990S: Computational science Over the last 50 years, most disciplines have grown a third, computationalbranch( e.g. empirical, theoretical, and computational ecology or physics, or linguistics. Computational science traditionally meant simulation. It grew out of our inability to find closed-form solutions for complex mathematical models. 1010 Evolution of Sciences: New Data Science Era Before 1600: Empirical science 1600-1950s: Theoretical science ◼ Each discipline has grown a theoretical component. Theoretical models often motivate experiments and generalize our understanding. 1950s-1990s: Computational science ◼ Over the last 50 years, most disciplines have grown a third, computational branch (e.g. empirical, theoretical, and computational ecology, or physics, or linguistics.) ◼ Computational Science traditionally meant simulation. It grew out of our inability to find closed-form solutions for complex mathematical models