Operating Systems Principles,set.SOSP'13.New York,NY,USA: Implementation,ser.PLDI '16.New York,NY.USA:ACM,2016. ACM,2013,pp.260-275. Pp.85-99. [49]E.Eide and J.Regehr,"Volatiles are miscompiled.and what to do [56]K.Pei.Y.Cao,J.Yang,and S.Jana,"Deepxplore:Automated whitebox about it,"in Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Conference on testing of deep learning systems."in Proceedings of the 26th Symposium Embedded Software.ser.EMSOFT '08.New York,NY,USA:ACM, on Operating Systems Principles,ser.SOSP'17.New York,NY.USA: 2008.pp.255-264. ACM,2017,pp.1-18. [50]A.Balestrat,"Ccg:A random c code generator,"https://github.com/ [57]T.Y.Chen,F-C.Kuo,H.Liu,P.-L.Poon,D.Towey.T.H.Tse,and Z.Q. Merkil/ecg,2015. [51]P.-N.Tan.M.Steinbach,and V.Kumar,"Association analysis:basic Zhou."Metamorphic testing:A review of challenges and opportunities." concepts and algorithms."Introduction to Data mining.pp.327-414. ACM Comput.Surv:,vol.51,no.1.pp.4:1-4:27.Jan.2018. 2005 [58]S.Segura,G.Fraser,A.B.Sanchez,and A.Ruiz-Corts,"A survey on [52]V.Le.C.Sun,and Z.Su."Randomized stress-testing of link-time metamorphic testing,"IEEE Trans.Sofiw.Eng.,vol.42,no.9,pp.805- optimizers."in Proceedings of the 2015 International Symposium on 824.Sept2016. Sofrware Testing and Analysis,ser.ISSTA 2015.New York,NY,USA: [59]V.Le,C.Sun,and Z.Su."Finding deep compiler bugs via guided ACM,2015,pp.327-337. stochastic program mutation,"in Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIG- [53]W.M.McKeeman,"Differential testing for software,"D/GITAL TECH PLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming.Sys- NICAL JOURNAL vol.10,no.1,pp.100-107,1998. tems,Languages,and Applications,ser.OOPSLA 2015.New York. [54]A.Groce,G.Holzmann,and R.Joshi,"Randomized differential testing NY,USA:ACM,2015,pp.386-399. as a prelude to formal verification,"in Proceedings of the 29th Interna- [60]C.Sun.V.Le.and Z.Su."Finding compiler bugs via live code mutation." tional Conference on Sofware Engineering,ser.ICSE'07.Washington in Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on DC.USA:IEEE Computer Society,2007,pp.621-631. Object-Oriented Programming.Systems.Languages,and Applications. [55]Y.Chen,T.Su,C.Sun,Z.Su,and J.Zhao,"Coverage-directed ser.OOPSLA 2016.New York,NY.USA:ACM.2016.pp.849-863. differential testing of jvm implementations,"in Proceedings of the 37th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and 499Operating Systems Principles, ser. SOSP ’13. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013, pp. 260–275. [49] E. Eide and J. Regehr, “Volatiles are miscompiled, and what to do about it,” in Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, ser. EMSOFT ’08. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008, pp. 255–264. [50] A. Balestrat, “Ccg: A random c code generator,” https:// github.com/ Merkil/ccg, 2015. [51] P.-N. Tan, M. Steinbach, and V. Kumar, “Association analysis: basic concepts and algorithms,” Introduction to Data mining, pp. 327–414, 2005. [52] V. Le, C. Sun, and Z. Su, “Randomized stress-testing of link-time optimizers,” in Proceedings of the 2015 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, ser. ISSTA 2015. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015, pp. 327–337. [53] W. M. McKeeman, “Differential testing for software,” DIGITAL TECHNICAL JOURNAL, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 100–107, 1998. [54] A. Groce, G. Holzmann, and R. Joshi, “Randomized differential testing as a prelude to formal verification,” in Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering, ser. ICSE ’07. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, 2007, pp. 621–631. [55] Y. Chen, T. Su, C. Sun, Z. Su, and J. Zhao, “Coverage-directed differential testing of jvm implementations,” in Proceedings of the 37th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, ser. PLDI ’16. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016, pp. 85–99. [56] K. Pei, Y. Cao, J. Yang, and S. Jana, “Deepxplore: Automated whitebox testing of deep learning systems,” in Proceedings of the 26th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, ser. SOSP ’17. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017, pp. 1–18. [57] T. Y. Chen, F.-C. Kuo, H. Liu, P.-L. Poon, D. Towey, T. H. Tse, and Z. Q. Zhou, “Metamorphic testing: A review of challenges and opportunities,” ACM Comput. Surv., vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 4:1–4:27, Jan. 2018. [58] S. Segura, G. Fraser, A. B. Sanchez, and A. Ruiz-Corts, “A survey on metamorphic testing,” IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 805– 824, Sept 2016. [59] V. Le, C. Sun, and Z. Su, “Finding deep compiler bugs via guided stochastic program mutation,” in Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications, ser. OOPSLA 2015. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015, pp. 386–399. [60] C. Sun, V. Le, and Z. Su, “Finding compiler bugs via live code mutation,” in Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications, ser. OOPSLA 2016. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016, pp. 849–863. 499