河北医科大学药学院 其他聚醚 0 Seafood Poison Seafood poisoning is usually caused by ingestion of shellfish 女 toxicated with one of six types of poisons 1.Paralytis shellfish poisons (PSP]Saxitoxin 2.Neurotoxic shellfish poisons (NSP):BTX &Diarrhetic shellfish poisons(DSP):Okadais Asid .Amnesie shellfish poisons (ASP:Domeic Acida 中 s(HSP):YTXs Paralytic shellfish poisoning(PSP) Ciguatera(Seafood Poisoning) Paralytic shellfish po ing (PSP)is one of the nost severe forms of food poisoning caused by ingesti The term ciguater is used to food poisoning caused by ng n of toxie coral reef fish.Ciguat ra not only endanger Ther oses serious health pr ated in the po and umption causes eco ic problems.The history of the 吧goes back和pre and Terred to he ouhthe food chain.Cg Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP.such as CTX and Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning(DSP) ve been observed throughout history and aroun blem even though it i are abd ans (1 h (2-7 hr),and 9 92%of all sase in809 ring in 79%abd 6 s which have ac 天然药化教研室史清文教授河北医科大学药学院 天然药化教研室史清文教授 2 O O O O + HN HO OH O COO￾H 1 O O O O + HN HO O H 2 OH COO￾O 1975至1981年间日本人因吃牡蛎Pinna pectinata而发生食物中毒的多 达2500人，1995年上村大埔等从牡蛎P. pectinata中分离出4个毒性成分 pinnatoxins A-D，其中pinnatoxins A (1)和D (2)的结构已经确定，它们都 是Ca2+通道激动剂。 其 他 聚 醚 Pinnatoxins A and D as a major cause of food poisoning. 上村 大埔 pinnatoxin A pinnatoxin D Seafood Poison • Seafood poisoning is usually caused by ingestion of shellfish toxicated with one of six types of poisons 1. Paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP): Saxitoxin 2. Neurotoxic shellfish poisons (NSP): BTX 3. Diarrhetic shellfish poisons (DSP) : Okadaic Acid 4. Amnesic shellfish poisons (ASP) : Domoic Acid 遗忘症 5. Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP): CTX, MTX 6. Puffer Fish Poisoning (PFP): TTX 河豚中毒 7. Hepatotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (HSP): YTXs Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is one of the most severe forms of food poisoning caused by ingestion of seafood. It is acute and often fatal. There is no effective way to destroy the toxins or to treat the patients. Therefore, it poses serious health problems. Deterring shellfish consumption causes economic problems. The history of the poisoning goes back to prehistoric days and the incidents due to the consumption of toxic shellfish are well documented. Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) N N H N N H NH2 H2N O H OH OH H H + + 1 6 8 H H2N O 11 Saxitoxin石房蛤毒素 1957年美国阿拉斯加大石房蛤 Saxidomus giganteus 肌肉麻痹剂 The term ciguatera is used to food poisoning caused by ingestion of toxic coral reef fish. Ciguatera not only endangers public health. It is estimated that roughly 20,000 people suffer annually from such poisoning. Two groups of compounds implicated in the poisoning are ciguatoxin and maitotoxin. Both groups of toxins are produced by dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus and transferred to herbivorous fish and subsequently to carnivores through the food chain. Ciguatoxin is regarded as the principal toxin responsible for human illness. Ciguatera (Seafood Poisoning) Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP, such as CTX and MTX) are also responsible for many of the massive fish kills which have been observed throughout history and around the world. O O O O O O O O O O O O O H H H H H HO H H H H OH H OH H H H H H H H H H H OH HO OH CTX O O O O O O O O OH HO HO Me Me Me H Me H H H H H H H H H H H Me Gambierol DSP is a major public health problem even though it is not lethal. The toxic symptoms are abdominal cramps (1 hr elapse time), nausea progressing to diarrhea (2-7 hr), and a “raw”, “burning” feeling in the stomach. Diarrhea is noted in 92% of all cases, nausea in 80%, vomiting in 79%, abdominal pain in 53%, and chills in 10%. DSP was first discovered in 1976, associated with eating bivalves such as mussels, scallops or clams which have accumulated dinoflagellate toxins. Causative toxins that have been identified are Okadaic acid and its analogs and pectenotoxins. Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP)