工程科学学报，第37卷，第2期：211-218,2015年2月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.37,No.2:211-218,February 2015 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2015.02.012:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 不同锤锻方式下Ti-6Al-4V合金组织及取向演变 李 伟，张麦仓四，李昕，彭桃 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，Emai:mczhang@ust山h.cdu.cm 摘要利用扫描电镜和背散射衍射技术研究了T6A14V合金在不同锤锻变形方式下的组织与取向变化.结果显示：随 着镦拔变形次数的增加，T6A4V合金中α相及B相组织均趋于均匀，而且两相的取向聚集越不明显；进一步热处理后，锻 造过程中形变储存能得到释放，在释放过程中两相也会发生一定的倾转，轴向三次镦拔或者换向三次镦拔对组织均匀性改善 明显.综合分析发现，密排六方结构的α《相的取向分布对变形方式较敏感：原始棒材以及一次镦拔时，合金中α相的取向 {0001}基面织构占了很大部分：随着镦拔次数增多，形变能增加，虽然{0001}基面滑移被抑制，但是{1010}、{1120}等柱面滑 移以及(0111}、{1123}等锥面滑移得以开动，大幅地增加了取向的种类，进而降低了取向的集中性，使得取向更趋均匀化. 关键词钛合金：锻造：变形方式：组织：取向 分类号TG146.23 Microstructure and texture evolution in Ti-6Al-4V alloy under different hammer forging processes LI Wei,ZHANG Mai-eang,LI Xin,PENG Tao School of Materials Science and Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:mezhang@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Microstructure and texture evolution in Ti-6Al-4V alloy under different hammer forging processes were investigated by electron backscattered diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the microstructure became more and more uniform along with the frequency of forging,and the directionality turned more and more invisible;after heat treatment,the distribu- tion uniformity of a and B phases and the micro-texture were both increased to somewhat extent because of the release of deformation energy and the tilting of a and B phases,especially highlighted in the forging modes of uniaxial 3 times and cross upsetting and stretc- hing 3 times.As for the texture distribution of this alloy,the close-packed hexagonal structured a phase was more sensitive to hot working modes than the body centered B phase.For raw materials and one-time axial upsetting and stretching,the texture of c phase mainly consisted of the (0001)basal texture:with the increase of frequency and deformation energy,the (1010)and (1120)pris- matic slip and the (1011)and (1212)pyramidal slip were strengthened,accordingly inducing the more uniform of orientation be- cause of the texture components and the dispersion of texture distribution. KEY WORDS titanium alloys:forging:deformation modes:microstructure:orientation 钛合金具有密度小、比强度大、使用温度高等优 工性，热塑性加工（包括锻造、轧制、挤压等）是钛合金 点，广泛应用于船舶、汽车以及航天航空等工业，在波 构件主要的成型方式.Ti6A-4V(TC4)是最早生产 音B-787及空客A-350中，钛合金的构件的使用比例 并投入使用的结构钛合金，它是典型的α+B双相热 甚至达到了15%~20%1-司.钛合金具有良好的热加 强钛合金，使用温度可达400~450℃，主要用作航空 收稿日期：20140709工程科学学报，第 37 卷，第 2 期: 211--218，2015 年 2 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 37，No． 2: 211--218，February 2015 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2015． 02． 012; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 不同锤锻方式下 Ti--6Al--4V 合金组织及取向演变 李 伟，张麦仓，李 昕，彭 桃 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: mczhang@ ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 利用扫描电镜和背散射衍射技术研究了 Ti--6Al--4V 合金在不同锤锻变形方式下的组织与取向变化． 结果显示: 随 着镦拔变形次数的增加，Ti--6Al--4V 合金中 α 相及 β 相组织均趋于均匀，而且两相的取向聚集越不明显; 进一步热处理后，锻 造过程中形变储存能得到释放，在释放过程中两相也会发生一定的倾转，轴向三次镦拔或者换向三次镦拔对组织均匀性改善 明显． 综合分析发现，密排六方结构的 α 相的取向分布对变形方式较敏感: 原始棒材以及一次镦拔时，合金中 α 相的取向 { 0001} 基面织构占了很大部分; 随着镦拔次数增多，形变能增加，虽然{ 0001} 基面滑移被抑制，但是{ 1010} 、{ 1120} 等柱面滑 移以及{ 0111} 、{ 1123} 等锥面滑移得以开动，大幅地增加了取向的种类，进而降低了取向的集中性，使得取向更趋均匀化． 关键词 钛合金; 锻造; 变形方式; 组织; 取向 分类号 TG146. 2 + 3 Microstructure and texture evolution in Ti--6Al--4V alloy under different hammer forging processes LI Wei，ZHANG Mai-cang ，LI Xin，PENG Tao School of Materials Science and Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: mczhang@ ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT Microstructure and texture evolution in Ti--6Al--4V alloy under different hammer forging processes were investigated by electron backscattered diffraction and scanning electron microscopy． The results showed that the microstructure became more and more uniform along with the frequency of forging，and the directionality turned more and more invisible; after heat treatment，the distribu￾tion uniformity of α and β phases and the micro-texture were both increased to somewhat extent because of the release of deformation energy and the tilting of α and β phases，especially highlighted in the forging modes of uniaxial 3 times and cross upsetting and stretc￾hing 3 times． As for the texture distribution of this alloy，the close-packed hexagonal structured α phase was more sensitive to hot working modes than the body centered β phase． For raw materials and one-time axial upsetting and stretching，the texture of α phase mainly consisted of the { 0001} basal texture; with the increase of frequency and deformation energy，the { 1010} and { 1120} pris￾matic slip and the { 1011} and { 1212} pyramidal slip were strengthened，accordingly inducing the more uniform of orientation be￾cause of the texture components and the dispersion of texture distribution． KEY WOＲDS titanium alloys; forging; deformation modes; microstructure; orientation 收稿日期: 2014--07--09 钛合金具有密度小、比强度大、使用温度高等优 点，广泛应用于船舶、汽车以及航天航空等工业，在波 音 B--787 及空客 A--350 中，钛合金的构件的使用比例 甚至达到了 15% ～ 20%［1 － 3］． 钛合金具有良好的热加 工性，热塑性加工( 包括锻造、轧制、挤压等) 是钛合金 构件主要的成型方式． Ti--6Al--4V ( TC4) 是最早生产 并投入使用的结构钛合金，它是典型的 α + β 双相热 强钛合金，使用温度可达 400 ～ 450 ℃，主要用作航空