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D0:10.13374h.issn1001-053x.2011.07.002 第33卷第7期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 No.7 2011年7月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jul.2011 用于延性断裂韧性测试的载荷分离方法与应用 蔡力勋⑧ 包陈 西南交通大学力学与工程学院,成都610031 ☒通信作者,E-mail:lix_cai@263.net 摘要使用载荷分离理论的延性断裂韧性单试样方法,选取汽轮机转子钢C2N2MoV对规则化法和S%分离参数法进行了 研究.结果表明,在规则化法中,钝化修正时的钝化线方程仅对裂纹扩展较小时的J阻力曲线产生影响.提出了改进S%分离 参数法,消除了参考钝裂纹试样的影响:同时采用钝化修正后的初始裂纹长度和试验终止裂纹长度进行标定,可获得合理的 裂纹长度预测结果.由改进$分离参数法得到J阻力曲线在较小裂纹扩展范围内均略高于由规则化法得到的J阻力曲线, 而当裂纹产生扩展较大时,两种方法得到的J阻力曲线几乎完全重合:由规则化法得到的条件启裂J积分J。值偏于保守. 关键词断裂力学;断裂韧性:韧性断裂:阻力曲线:载荷分离 分类号0346.12 Load separation method to determine the ductile fracture toughness of materials and its application CAI Li-xun巴,BAO Chen School of Mechanics and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China Corresponding author,E-mail:lix_cai@263.net ABSTRACT By using a type of single specimen method for determining ductile fracture toughness based on the load separation prin- ciple,the normalization method and the load separation parameter S method were investigated with a steam turbine rotator steel Cr2Ni2MoV.It was found that in the normalization method the blunt line equation used to blunt correction had an influence on the de- termination of resistance curves within a limit crack extension.A modified separation parameter S method was proposed to eliminate the effect of reference blunt cracked specimens on the original separation parameter S method.The blunt corrected initial crack length and final crack length were recommended to use as two calibration points simultaneously to obtain more reasonable measurements of in- stantaneous crack length.The Jresistance curve derived from the modified separation parameter Smethod is higher than that obtained by the normalization method within a limit crack extension:however,the two curves agree very well within a larger crack extension. The value of conditional crack initiation J-integral o from the normalization method is more conservative than that estimated by the modified separation parameterS method. KEY WORDS facture mechanics;fracture toughness;ductile fracture;resistance curves:load separation 随着弹塑性断裂力学的发展,J积分己成为表众多学者从20世纪80年代初便致力于发展新的J 征延性材料断裂行为的重要参数.在延性材料的J阻力曲线测定方法.自Emst等山于1979年首次提 阻力曲线测定中,多试样法和单试样柔度法应用最 出主导曲线函数概念以来,经过近30年的发展,相 为广泛.然而,多试样法所得试验点分散性大,无效 继发展了基于载荷分离理论的规则化法和S%分离 点多,浪费材料.单试样柔度法虽比多试样法更易 参数法,并在金属和非金属材料的J阻力曲线测定 实施,但加载过程中的多次卸载可能影响裂纹启裂 获得了一定的应用P.目前,针对规则化法和S 特性,且对于一些非线性弹性材料,卸载柔度法也不 分离参数法的研究并不完善,且相关研究多见于国 易应用.因此,以Landes、Emst和Paris等为代表的 外的一些文献报道,国内研究者很少涉及5一.本 收稿日期:2010-07-26第 33 卷 第 7 期 2011 年 7 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 No. 7 Jul. 2011 用于延性断裂韧性测试的载荷分离方法与应用 蔡力勋 包 陈 西南交通大学力学与工程学院,成都 610031 通信作者,E-mail: lix_cai@ 263. net 摘 要 使用载荷分离理论的延性断裂韧性单试样方法,选取汽轮机转子钢 Cr2Ni2MoV 对规则化法和 SPb分离参数法进行了 研究. 结果表明,在规则化法中,钝化修正时的钝化线方程仅对裂纹扩展较小时的 J 阻力曲线产生影响. 提出了改进 SPb分离 参数法,消除了参考钝裂纹试样的影响; 同时采用钝化修正后的初始裂纹长度和试验终止裂纹长度进行标定,可获得合理的 裂纹长度预测结果. 由改进 SPb分离参数法得到 J 阻力曲线在较小裂纹扩展范围内均略高于由规则化法得到的 J 阻力曲线, 而当裂纹产生扩展较大时,两种方法得到的 J 阻力曲线几乎完全重合; 由规则化法得到的条件启裂 J 积分 JQ 值偏于保守. 关键词 断裂力学; 断裂韧性; 韧性断裂; 阻力曲线; 载荷分离 分类号 O346. 1 + 2 Load separation method to determine the ductile fracture toughness of materials and its application CAI Li-xun ,BAO Chen School of Mechanics and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China Corresponding author,E-mail: lix_cai@ 263. net ABSTRACT By using a type of single specimen method for determining ductile fracture toughness based on the load separation prin￾ciple,the normalization method and the load separation parameter SPb method were investigated with a steam turbine rotator steel Cr2Ni2MoV. It was found that in the normalization method the blunt line equation used to blunt correction had an influence on the de￾termination of J resistance curves within a limit crack extension. A modified separation parameter SPb method was proposed to eliminate the effect of reference blunt cracked specimens on the original separation parameter SPb method. The blunt corrected initial crack length and final crack length were recommended to use as two calibration points simultaneously to obtain more reasonable measurements of in￾stantaneous crack length. The J resistance curve derived from the modified separation parameter SPb method is higher than that obtained by the normalization method within a limit crack extension; however,the two curves agree very well within a larger crack extension. The value of conditional crack initiation J-integral JQ from the normalization method is more conservative than that estimated by the modified separation parameter SPb method. KEY WORDS facture mechanics; fracture toughness; ductile fracture; resistance curves; load separation 收稿日期: 2010--07--26 随着弹塑性断裂力学的发展,J 积分已成为表 征延性材料断裂行为的重要参数. 在延性材料的 J 阻力曲线测定中,多试样法和单试样柔度法应用最 为广泛. 然而,多试样法所得试验点分散性大,无效 点多,浪费材料. 单试样柔度法虽比多试样法更易 实施,但加载过程中的多次卸载可能影响裂纹启裂 特性,且对于一些非线性弹性材料,卸载柔度法也不 易应用. 因此,以 Landes、Ernst 和 Paris 等为代表的 众多学者从 20 世纪 80 年代初便致力于发展新的 J 阻力曲线测定方法. 自 Ernst 等[1]于 1979 年首次提 出主导曲线函数概念以来,经过近 30 年的发展,相 继发展了基于载荷分离理论的规则化法和 SPb分离 参数法,并在金属和非金属材料的 J 阻力曲线测定 获得了一定的应用[2--14]. 目前,针对规则化法和 SPb 分离参数法的研究并不完善,且相关研究多见于国 外的一些文献报道,国内研究者很少涉及[15--16]. 本 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.07.002
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