Mitral stenosis Etiology o Rheumatic (nearly all adult Ms) Oother etiologies are very rare V Degenerative(Mitral valve annular calcification, elderly) Y Congenital (parachute MV), MStatrial septal defect=Lutembacher syndrome v Others: post-inflammatory, metabolic syndromes, other causes of Lv inflow obstr, atrial myxoma, LA ball thrombus, cor triatriatum, etcMitral Stenosis ⚫ Rheumatic (nearly all adult MS) ⚫other etiologies are very rare: ✓ Degenerative (Mitral valve annular calcification,elderly) ✓ Congenital (parachute MV), MS+atrial septal defect=Lutembacher syndrome. ✓Others: post-inflammatory, metabolic syndromes , Other causes of LV inflow obstr.,atrial myxoma, LA ball thrombus, cor triatriatum. etc. Etiology