有机化学(双语教学)课程教案 授课题目(教学章节或主题):第二章.烷烃授课类型理论课 Alkanes 授课时间第2周第3-6节 教学目标或要求:了解基烷烃的结构理论以及自由基反应机理。 教学内容(包括基本内容、重点、难点) Valence Hybridization The number of atoms which are typically bonded to a given atom is termed the valence of that atom. Thus, in the examples shown below, hydrogen would have a valence of one, oxygen would have a valence of two, nitrogen and boron would have a valence of three, and carbon would have a valence of four H-O-H H-N-H H-B-H H-C-F As shown above, chemical analysis of simple hydrocarbons clearly demonstrates that carbon has a valence of four, that is, carbon forms four bonds and the simplest hydrocarbon (methane) has a molecular formula of CH. The arrangement of these atoms in space, however, is not immediately apparent, and at least three possibilities should be considered square planar, in which the four hydrogens occupy the comers of a square, centered about the carbon pyramidal, in which the carbon and three hydrogens occupy a plane with carbon in the middle and有机化学(双语教学) 课程教案 授 课 题 目（ 教 学 章节 或 主题 ）：第 二 章 ．烷 烃 （Alkyanes） 授课类型 理论课 授课时间 第 2 周第 3-6 节 教学目标或要求：了解基烷烃的结构理论以及自由基反应机理。 教学内容（包括基本内容、重点、难点）： Valence & Hybridization The number of atoms which are typically bonded to a given atom is termed the valence of that atom. Thus, in the examples shown below, hydrogen would have a valence of one, oxygen would have a valence of two, nitrogen and boron would have a valence of three, and carbon would have a valence of four. As shown above, chemical analysis of simple hydrocarbons clearly demonstrates that carbon has a valence of four; that is, carbon forms four bonds and the simplest hydrocarbon (methane) has a molecular formula of CH4. The arrangement of these atoms in space, however, is not immediately apparent, and at least three possibilities should be considered: • square planar, in which the four hydrogens occupy the corners of a square, centered about the carbon. • pyramidal, in which the carbon and three hydrogens occupy a plane with carbon in the middle and