Shock ⚫ Shipper experience suggests that damage is greater for rail than for truck shipment. ⚫ The high damage rates attributed to rail are probably due not so much to the actual shock forces as to load shifts and the effects of dynamic compression. ⚫ Good loading and bracing and securing (dunnage) practices can substantially reduce rail damage. ⚫ TOFC shipping may be gentler than regular boxcar shipping.Shock ⚫ Shipper experience suggests that damage is greater for rail than for truck shipment. ⚫ The high damage rates attributed to rail are probably due not so much to the actual shock forces as to load shifts and the effects of dynamic compression. ⚫ Good loading and bracing and securing (dunnage) practices can substantially reduce rail damage. ⚫ TOFC shipping may be gentler than regular boxcar shipping