第3期 刘智勇等：硫化氢环境下两种不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂行为 ·323。 韧窝；表明3Cl7Ni7Mo2SiN不锈钢在高pH条件 ments.Corros Sci,.1987.27(10/11):1271 下的SCC敏感性仍较高，而00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈 [4 de Moraes F D.Bastian FL.Ponciam J A.Influence of dynamic 钢只有在最苛刻的介质中才具有明显的SCC敏感 strairing on hydrogen embrittlem ent of UNS-G41300 and UNS S31803 steels in a low H2S concentration environment.Corros 性，pH值升高其SCC敏感性大大降低.这进一步 Sd.2005.47(6):1325. 证明了pH值的升高提高了00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈 [5 Wang WZ Jia PL XuS Q.Case of cormsion failure in wet hy- 钢的钝化膜稳定性，降低了HⅡC的作用，因此 dwogen sufide environment and countermeasures.Pet Corros 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈钢表现出较低的SCC敏感 PoL,2001.18(2):7 (王维宗，贾鹏林，许适群.湿硫化氢环境中腐蚀失效实例及对 性.3Crl7N7Mo2SiN由于钝化膜稳定性差且易受 策.石油化工腐蚀与防护，2001,18(2)：7) 到破坏，在pH值小幅度升高（由3.0升高到45）后 [6 Pan C Chu W Y,Li Z B et al Hydmogen embrittlement in- 仍具有较高的SCC敏感性. dced by aomic hydrogen and hydrogeminduced martensites in type 304L sairless steel.Mater Sci Eng A.2003,351(V2):293 3结论 [7 Ow czarek E.Zakroczymski T.Hydmgen transport in a duplex (1)00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈钢在pH值较低的饱 stainkss steel.Acta Mater,2000.48 (12):3059. 和H2S溶液中具有明显的SCC敏感性，但SCC萌 I8 Yokobori A T Jr,Chinda Y.Nemoto T.c al.The characteris tics of hydrogen diffusion and concentration around a crack tip 生的孕育期较长.其SCC敏感性随溶液pH值的升 concerned with hydrogen embrittlement.Corros Sci.2002,44 高或H2S含量的降低而迅速降低，且受HS含量的 (3):407 影响较小. [9 Li R.Ferreima M G S.The themmodynamic conditions for hydro (2)3Crl7N7Mo2SiN在pH≤4.5、H2S质量浓 gen generation inside a stress corrosion crack.Corros Sci,1996 度≥1000mgL的H2S介质中均具有较明显的 38(2):317 [10 Antony PJ Chongdar S Kumar P.et al.Corrosion of 2205 SCC敏感性，SCC萌生的孕育期随溶液pH的升高 dupex stainess steel in chloride medium containing sulfate-re- 或H2S含量的降低而增加，但受pH值变化和HS ducing bacteria.Elect rochim Acta,2007.52(12):3985 含量的影响较小. 11]Tsai W T.Chen M S.Stress cormsion cracking behavior of (3)3Cr17Ni7Mo2SiN和00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈 2205 duplex stainless steel in conentrated NaCl soltion.Corros 钢在H2S介质中的SCC机制不同. Sd,200042(3):545 12]EF Yazgi AA,Hardie D.Stress cormosion cracking of duplex and 3Crl7Ni7Mo2SiN的SCC以沿晶裂纹萌生，扩展后 super duplex stainless steels in sour envirorments.Corros Sci, 转变为穿晶应力腐蚀开裂：00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈钢 1998.39(5):909 首先在铁素体相内形成HIC裂纹.促进SCC萌生， [13 Xu Z H.Metal corrosion resistant materials VI:Austenitic stain- 其SCC为穿品应力腐蚀开裂. less steel.Corros Prot.2001.22(6):275 (4)合金成分差别和金相组织特点是 (徐增华.金属耐蚀材料：第六讲奥氏体不锈钢.腐蚀与防 护，2001,22(6)：275) 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N不锈钢抗HS环境SCC优于 14 Xu Z H.Metal corrosiom resistant materials VI Duplex stainess 3Crl7Ni7Mo2SiN不锈钢的主要原因. steel.Corros Prot,2001,22(7):321 (徐增华.金属耐蚀材料：第七讲双相不锈钢.腐蚀与防 参考文献 护，2001,22(7)：321) [1]NACE MR-0175 Standard Mater ials Requirement:Sulfide 15]Zhu A H.W ang K S Zhang B.Application of Mo in metallur Stress Crocking Resistance Metallic Materials for Oil Field gical indust ry.China Molybdenum Ind.2006.30(5):8 Equipment.Houston:National Asociation of Corrosion Engi- (朱爱辉王快社，张兵钼在治金工业中的应用.中国钼业 neering USA.2002:1 2006.30(5):8) [2]Oltra R.Desestret A.Mirabal E.et al.The stres corrosion 16 PopicJ P.Drazic D M.Ekctmchemistry of active chromium: cmcking of duplex stairless steels in enviromments containing chlo- Part Il.Three hydrogen evolution mactions on chromiumn in sub rides and H2S:Study of the ferrite phase behav iour.Corros Sci. furic acid.E lectrochim Acta,2004 49(27):4877 1987,27(10W11:1251 17]Qiao L J.Mao X.Thermodynamic analysis on the role of hydro [3]van Gelder K Erlings JG,Damen J W M,et al.The stress cor- gen in anodic stress cormsion cracking.Acta Metall Mater, rosion cracking of duplex stainless steel in H,S/CO/Cl envimon- 1995,43(11):4001韧窝;表明 3Cr17Ni7M o2SiN 不锈钢在高 pH 条件 下的 SCC 敏感性仍较高 , 而 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 不锈 钢只有在最苛刻的介质中才具有明显的 SCC 敏感 性, pH 值升高其 SCC 敏感性大大降低 .这进一步 证明了 pH 值的升高提高了 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 不锈 钢的钝化 膜稳定性 , 降低 了 HIC 的作用 , 因 此 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 不锈钢表现出较低的 SCC 敏感 性.3Cr17Ni7Mo2SiN 由于钝化膜稳定性差, 且易受 到破坏,在 pH 值小幅度升高(由 3.0 升高到 4.5)后 仍具有较高的 SCC 敏感性 . 3 结论 (1)00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 不锈钢在 pH 值较低的饱 和H2S 溶液中具有明显的 SCC 敏感性, 但 SCC 萌 生的孕育期较长 .其SCC 敏感性随溶液 pH 值的升 高或 H2S 含量的降低而迅速降低 ,且受 H2S 含量的 影响较小 . (2)3Cr17Ni7Mo2SiN 在 pH ≤4.5 、H2S 质量浓 度≥1 000 mg·L -1的 H2S 介质中均具有较明显的 SCC 敏感性, SCC 萌生的孕育期随溶液 pH 的升高 或H2S 含量的降低而增加, 但受 pH 值变化和 H2S 含量的影响较小 . (3)3Cr17Ni7M o2SiN 和00Cr22Ni5M o3N 不锈 钢 在 H2S 介 质 中 的 SCC 机 制 不 同 . 3Cr17Ni7Mo2SiN 的SCC 以沿晶裂纹萌生 , 扩展后 转变为穿晶应力腐蚀开裂;00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 不锈钢 首先在铁素体相内形成 HIC 裂纹, 促进 SCC 萌生 , 其SCC 为穿晶应力腐蚀开裂. (4) 合 金 成 分 差 别 和 金 相 组 织 特 点 是 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 不 锈钢 抗 H2S 环 境 SCC 优 于 3Cr17Ni7Mo2SiN 不锈钢的主要原因 . 参 考 文 献 [ 1] NACE MR-0175 S tandar d Materials Requirement :S ulfide Stress Cracking Resistance Metallic Materials for Oil Field Equip ment .Houst on:National Association of Corrosion Engi￾neering, USA , 2002:1 [ 2] Oltra R, Desestret A , Mirabal E , et al.The stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steels in environments cont aining chlo￾rides and H2S:Study of the f errite phase behaviour .Corros S ci , 1987 , 27(10/ 11):1251 [ 3] van Gelder K, Erlings J G , Damen J W M , et al.The stress cor￾rosion cracking of duplex stainless steel in H2 S/ CO2 / Cl-environ￾ments.Corros Sci , 1987 , 27(10/ 11):1271 [ 4] de Moraes F D, Bastian F L , Ponciano J A.Influence of dynamic straining on hydrogen embrittlem ent of UNS-G41300 and UNS￾S31803 steels in a low H2 S concentration environment .Corros S ci , 2005 , 47(6):1325. [ 5] Wang W Z , Jia P L , Xu S Q.C ase of corrosion failure in wet hy￾drogen sulfide environment and countermeasures.Pet Corros Prot , 2001 , 18(2):7 (王维宗, 贾鹏林, 许适群.湿硫化氢环境中腐蚀失效实例及对 策.石油化工腐蚀与防护, 2001 , 18(2):7) [ 6] Pan C , Chu W Y, Li Z B, et al.Hydrogen embrittlemen t in￾duced by atomic hydrogen and hydrogen-induced martensit es in type 304L st ainless steel.Mater Sci Eng A , 2003 , 351(1/ 2):293 [ 7] Ow czarek E , Zakroczymski T .Hydrogen transport in a duplex stainless st eel.Acta Mater , 2000 , 48 (12):3059. [ 8] Yokobori A T Jr , Chinda Y, Nemoto T , et al.The characteris￾tics of hydrogen diffusion and concentration around a crack tip concerned with hydrogen embrittlement .Corros S ci , 2002 , 44 (3):407 [ 9] Li R, Ferreira M G S.The thermodynamic conditions for hydro￾gen generation inside a stress corrosion crack.Corros Sci , 1996 , 38(2):317 [ 10] Ant ony P J, Chongdar S , Kumar P , et al.Corrosion of 2205 duplex stainless st eel in chloride medium containing sulfate-re￾ducing bact eria.Electrochim Acta , 2007 , 52(12):3985 [ 11] Tsai W T , Chen M S.Stress corrosion cracking behavior of 2205 duplex st ainless st eel in concentrated NaCl solution.Corros S ci , 2000 , 42(3):545 [ 12] El-Yazgi A A , Hardie D .Stress corrosion cracking of duplex and super duplex st ainless st eels in sour environments.Corros Sci , 1998 , 39(5):909 [ 13] Xu Z H .Metal corrosion-resistant materials Ⅵ :Austenitic stain￾less st eel.Corros Prot , 2001 , 22(6):275 (徐增华.金属耐蚀材料:第六讲 奥氏体不锈钢.腐蚀与防 护, 2001 , 22(6):275) [ 14] Xu Z H .Met al corrosion-resistant materials Ⅶ :Duplex stainless steel.Corros Prot , 2001 , 22(7):321 (徐增华.金属耐蚀材料:第七讲 双相不锈钢.腐蚀与防 护, 2001 , 22(7):321) [ 15] Zhu A H , Wang K S , Zhang B.Application of Mo in metallur￾gical industry .China Molybdenum In d , 2006 , 30(5):8 (朱爱辉, 王快社, 张兵.钼在冶金工业中的应用.中国钼业, 2006 , 30(5):8) [ 16] Popic J P, Drazic D M .Electrochemistry of active chromium : Part Ⅱ .Th ree hydrogen evoluti on reactions on chromium in sul￾furic acid.E lectrochim Acta , 2004 , 49(27):4877 [ 17] Qiao L J, Mao X .Thermodynamic analysis on the role of hydro￾gen in anodic stress corrosion cracking .Acta Metall Mat er , 1995 , 43(11):4001 第 3 期 刘智勇等:硫化氢环境下两种不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂行为 · 323 ·