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第5期 张晓楠,等:Graz-脑机接口研究概述 .399. mans[J].Neuroscience Letters,1999,269(3):153-156. 3总结与展望 [8]PFURTSCHELLER G,NEUPER C.Motor imagery and di- 目前,Grz大学仍致力于研究不同视觉反馈对 rect brain-computer communication[J].Proceedings of the 于分类正确率的影响,尤其是运动物体和静止物体 EEE,2001,89(7):1123-1134. [9]PFURTSCHELLER G,NEUPER C,BRUNNER C,et al. 的视觉反馈研究表明,注视运动物体能够影响运动 Beta rebound after different types of motor imagery in man 想象的效果,可能有所改善,也可能产生不利影响. [J].Neuroscience Letters,2005,378(3):156-159. 另一个研究重点是实现“大脑开关”,能够通过 [10]WANG T,DENG H,HE B.Classifying EEG-based motor 一两类EEG信号便可识别大脑的注意控制与非注 imagery tasks by means of time-frequency synthesized spa- 意控制状态.“大脑开关"结合基于SSVEP的BCI系 tial patterns [J].Clinical Neurophysiology,2004,115 统能够达到很高的信息传输率.Gaz还将努力实现 (12):2744-2753. 光学BCI原理机,并将验证该套系统在商用多通道 [11]PFURTSCHELLER G,NEUPER C,BIRBAUMER N.Hu- man brain-computer interface[M]//RIEHLE A,VAADIA 近红外系统(near infrared systems,NIRs)的可行性. E.Motor cortex in voluntary movements:a distributed sys- 目前,国内的BCI研究重点集中在脑电信号处 tem for distributed functions.New York:CRC Press, 理与识别方面,距离世界先进水平仍有一定的距离, 2005:253-267. 随着未来各项技术的不断成熟,应将研究热点集中 [12]PFURTSCHELLER G.MULLER G R,PFURTSCHELLER J. 到智能感知系统、BCI系统框架及基于低带宽EEG et al."Thought"-control of functional electrical stimula- 驱动智能设备的实时稳定性控制等方面,并注重同 tion to restore hand grasp in a patient with tetraplegia[J]. Neuroscience Letters,2003,351(1):33-36. 国外BCI先进研究机构的交流,并学习借鉴他们先 [13]MULLER G R.SCHERER R,NEUPER C.et al.EEG- 进的技术。 basierende kommunikation:erfahrungen mit einem telem- 参考文献: onitoring system zum patiententraining C//Proceedings of 38th Annual Converse of the German Society for Medical [1]FLOTZINGER D G,PFURTSCHELLER C,BERGER N J, and Biological Engineering in VDE.Berlin,Germany, et al.Classification of non-averaged EEG data by learning 2004:230-231. vector quantisation and the influence of signal preprocessing [14]OBERMAIER B,MULLER G R,PFURTSCHELLER G. [J].Medical Biological Engineering Computing, "Virtual keyboard"controlled by spontaneous EEG activity 1994,32(5):571-576. [J].IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilita- [2]KALCHER J,FLOTZINGER D,NEUPER C,et al.Graz tion Engineering,2004,11(4):422-426. brain-computer interface II:towards communication between [15]MULLER G R,NEUPER C,PFURTSCHELLER G.Im- man and computer based on online classification of three dif- plementation of a telemonitoring system for the control of an ferent EEG patterns[J].Medical Biological Engineering EEG-based brain-computer interface [J].IEEE Transac- &Computing,1996,34(5):382-388. tions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, [3]PFURTSCHELLER G,KALCHER J,NEUPER C,et al. 2003,11(1):54-59. On-line EEG classification during externally-paced hand [16]LAHRMANN H,NEUPER C,MULLER G R,et al.Use- movements using a neural network-based classifier[J].E- fulness of an EEG-based brain-computer interface to estab- lectroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,1996, lish communication in ALS.Journal of the Neurological 99(5):416-425. Sciences,2005,238(1):485, [4]PFURTSCHELLER G,FLOTZINGER D,PREGENZER M, 作者简介: et al.EEG-based brain computer interface (BCI).Search 张晓楠,女,1987年生,硕士研究 for optimal electrode positions and frequency components 生,主要研究方向为数字信号处理. [J].Medical Progress through Technology,1995,21(3): 111-121. [5]WOLPAW J R,RAMOSER H,MCFARLAND D J,et al. EEG-based communication:improved accuracy by response verification[J].IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engi- neering,1998,6(3):326-333. 刘建平,男,1967年生,教授,博土后 [6]WOLPAW J R,FLOTZINGER D,PURTSCHELLER G,et 武警工程大学军事通信学学科带头人,主 要研究方向为数字信号处理睡眠质量评 al.Timing of EEG-based cursor control[J].Journal of Clini- 估方面的研究达到了国际前沿水平,获武 cal Neurophysiology.1997,14(6):529-538. 警部队科技进步三等奖2项,发表学术论 [7]PFURTSCHELLER G,NEUPER C,RAMOSER H,et al.Vis- 文30余篇,其中被EI检索6篇, ually guided motor imagery activates sensorimotor areas in hu-3 总结与展望 目前ꎬGraz 大学仍致力于研究不同视觉反馈对 于分类正确率的影响ꎬ尤其是运动物体和静止物体 的视觉反馈.研究表明ꎬ注视运动物体能够影响运动 想象的效果ꎬ可能有所改善ꎬ也可能产生不利影响. 另一个研究重点是实现“大脑开关”ꎬ能够通过 一两类 EEG 信号便可识别大脑的注意控制与非注 意控制状态.“大脑开关”结合基于 SSVEP 的 BCI 系 统能够达到很高的信息传输率.Graz 还将努力实现 光学 BCI 原理机ꎬ并将验证该套系统在商用多通道 近红外系统(near infrared systemsꎬ NIRS)的可行性. 目前ꎬ国内的 BCI 研究重点集中在脑电信号处 理与识别方面ꎬ距离世界先进水平仍有一定的距离ꎬ 随着未来各项技术的不断成熟ꎬ应将研究热点集中 到智能感知系统、BCI 系统框架及基于低带宽 EEG 驱动智能设备的实时稳定性控制等方面ꎬ并注重同 国外 BCI 先进研究机构的交流ꎬ并学习借鉴他们先 进的技术. 参考文献: [1]FLOTZINGER D Gꎬ PFURTSCHELLER Cꎬ BERGER N Jꎬ et al. Classification of non ̄averaged EEG data by learning vector quantisation and the influence of signal preprocessing [J ]. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computingꎬ 1994ꎬ 32(5): 571 ̄576. [2] KALCHER Jꎬ FLOTZINGER Dꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ et al. Graz brain ̄computer interface II: towards communication between man and computer based on online classification of three dif ̄ ferent EEG patterns[ J]. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computingꎬ 1996ꎬ 34(5): 382 ̄388. [3] PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ KALCHER Jꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ et al. On ̄line EEG classification during externally ̄paced hand movements using a neural network ̄based classifier [ J]. E ̄ lectroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiologyꎬ 1996ꎬ 99(5): 416 ̄425. [4]PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ FLOTZINGER Dꎬ PREGENZER Mꎬ et al. EEG ̄based brain computer interface ( BCI). Search for optimal electrode positions and frequency components [J]. Medical Progress through Technologyꎬ 1995ꎬ 21(3): 111 ̄121. [5]WOLPAW J Rꎬ RAMOSER Hꎬ MCFARLAND D Jꎬ et al. EEG ̄based communication: improved accuracy by response verification[ J]. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engi ̄ neeringꎬ 1998ꎬ 6(3): 326 ̄333. [6]WOLPAW J Rꎬ FLOTZINGER Dꎬ PURTSCHELLER Gꎬ et al. Timing of EEG ̄based cursor control[J]. Journal of Clini ̄ cal Neurophysiologyꎬ 1997ꎬ 14(6): 529 ̄538. [7]PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ RAMOSER Hꎬ et al. Vis ̄ ually guided motor imagery activates sensorimotor areas in hu ̄ mans[J]. Neuroscience Lettersꎬ 1999ꎬ 269(3): 153 ̄156. [8]PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ NEUPER C. Motor imagery and di ̄ rect brain ̄computer communication[ J]. Proceedings of the IEEEꎬ 2001ꎬ 89(7): 1123 ̄1134. [9]PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ BRUNNER Cꎬ et al. Beta rebound after different types of motor imagery in man [J]. Neuroscience Lettersꎬ 2005ꎬ 378(3): 156 ̄159. [10]WANG Tꎬ DENG Hꎬ HE B. Classifying EEG ̄based motor imagery tasks by means of time ̄frequency synthesized spa ̄ tial patterns [ J ]. Clinical Neurophysiologyꎬ 2004ꎬ 115 (12): 2744 ̄2753. [11]PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ BIRBAUMER N. Hu ̄ man brain ̄computer interface[M] / / RIEHLE Aꎬ VAADIA E. Motor cortex in voluntary movements: a distributed sys ̄ tem for distributed functions. New York: CRC Pressꎬ 2005: 253 ̄267. [12]PFURTSCHELLER Gꎬ MULLER G Rꎬ PFURTSCHELLER Jꎬ et al. “Thought”—control of functional electrical stimula ̄ tion to restore hand grasp in a patient with tetraplegia[ J]. Neuroscience Lettersꎬ 2003ꎬ 351(1): 33 ̄36. [13]MULLER G Rꎬ SCHERER Rꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ et al. EEG ̄ basierende kommunikation: erfahrungen mit einem telem ̄ onitoring system zum patiententraining [ C] / / Proceedings of 38th Annual Converse of the German Society for Medical and Biological Engineering in VDE. Berlinꎬ Germanyꎬ 2004: 230 ̄231. [14] OBERMAIER Bꎬ MULLER G Rꎬ PFURTSCHELLER G. “Virtual keyboard” controlled by spontaneous EEG activity [ J]. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilita ̄ tion Engineeringꎬ 2004ꎬ 11(4): 422 ̄426. [15] MULLER G Rꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ PFURTSCHELLER G. Im ̄ plementation of a telemonitoring system for the control of an EEG ̄based brain ̄computer interface [ J]. IEEE Transac ̄ tions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineeringꎬ 2003ꎬ 11(1): 54 ̄59. [16]LAHRMANN Hꎬ NEUPER Cꎬ MULLER G Rꎬ et al. Use ̄ fulness of an EEG ̄based brain ̄computer interface to estab ̄ lish communication in ALS[J]. Journal of the Neurological Sciencesꎬ 2005ꎬ 238(1): 485. 作者简介: 张晓楠ꎬ女ꎬ1987 年生ꎬ硕士研究 生ꎬ主要研究方向为数字信号处理. 刘建平ꎬ男ꎬ1967 年生ꎬ教授ꎬ博士后ꎬ 武警工程大学军事通信学学科带头人ꎬ主 要研究方向为数字信号处理.睡眠质量评 估方面的研究达到了国际前沿水平ꎬ获武 警部队科技进步三等奖 2 项ꎬ发表学术论 文 30 余篇ꎬ其中被 EI 检索 6 篇. 第 5 期 张晓楠ꎬ等:Graz ̄脑机接口研究概述 􀅰399􀅰
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