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D0I:10.13374/1.issnl00103.2009.s1.038 第31卷增刊1 北京科技大学学报 Vol.31 Suppl.1 2009年12月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Dee.2009 炉料连续预热式电炉炼钢技术探讨 阁立懿)王亦东)李延智3) 刘一心)那军) 1)东北大学材料与治金学院，沈阳1100042)烟台金澄精密线材有限公司，烟台264006 3)长春电炉成套设备有限责任公司，长春1300314)冀南特钢有限公司，邯郸057150 摘要在废钢入炉熔炼前，利用电炉产生的高温废气进行废钢预热，节能效果明显、炉料连续预热式电炉过程实现废钢连 续加料、连续预热及连续熔化，电弧加热熔池、熔池熔化废钢，与普通电炉有着很大的区别·为了实现高效节能、追求流程设备 顺行及其指标优化，本文在研究炉料连续预热式电炉工艺特点的基础上，提出如下论点：应对电炉炉衬的砌筑、供电、吹氧去 碳，造渣脱磷等予以重视：由于全程“平熔池期”，给电一开始电弧就加热钢水、就对渣线进行高温辐射，这就必须考虑保护渣 线，因此，要求全程造泡沫渣进行埋弧操作：全程“平熔池期”及“变渣线”现象，要求渣线镁碳砖的砌筑要向下加厚 (~300mm),增加抵御变渣线的能力：炉料连续预热式电炉变压器参数的确定，既要考虑电弧对废钢的熔化（电压要高些）、又 要考虑电弧对平熔池的加热及保温的要求（电压要低些），供电上根据电弧的遮蔽状态（废钢或炉渣的遮蔽状态）确定电压的 大小：为了最大限度节能及环保，必须采取余热再利用技术，二垩英新的公害值得重视与研究 关键词电炉；炉料连续预热：节能：高阻抗：泡沫渣 Technology of metallurgy for continuous scrap preheating electric arc furnace YAN Li-yi),WANG Yi-dong2),LI Yanzhi),LIU Yi-xin3).NA Jun) 1)School of Materials and Metallurgy.Northeastern University,Shenyang 110004.China 2)Yantai Jincheng Precision Wire Rod Co.Ltd.Yantai 264006,China 3)Changchun Electrie Furnace Co.Ltd..Changchun 130031.China 4)Jinan Special Steel Co.Ltd.,Handan 057150.China ABSTRACT Before putting the scrap steel into the electric arc furnace (EAF).using the high-temperature exhaust gas generating from EAF to preheat it can bring obvious energy"saving effect.Continuous serap preheating EAF is different from the ordinary EAF in the way of the scrap steel continuous feeding.continuous preheating and melting,electric arc heating molten pool and then the molten pool melting scrap.In order to achieve high efficiency and energy-saving,ensure operating the equipment smoothly in the pro- cess and optimize the operating parameters,based on the technology features of the continuous scrap preheating EAF the research re- sults indicate that more attention should be paid to the building of EAF lining,power supply.oxygen jet decarburization,slagging de- phosphorization and so on:As the whole"flat molten bath",once the electric power is supplied,the electric arc heats the molten steel and at the same time the slag line is radiated by the high temperature electric arc.so the slag line must be protected and therefore full- time submerged are operation by foaming slag is required:full-time"flat molten bath"and"change slag line"phenomenon need the thickness of magnesia"carbon brick on slag line increase about 300mm thus the resistance of slag line change can be increased:To de- termine the transformer parameters of the continuous preheating EAF,the following requirements should be considered:the scrap steel melting (voltage to be higher).the flat molten pool heating and heat preservation(voltage to be lower)by the electric arc.The selection of the voltage should based on the arc shielding state (scrap,or slag shelter state):in order to maximize energy"saving and environmental protection,the re"use technology of the waste heat must be applied,the pollution of dioxin deserves attention and re- search. KEY WORDS electric arc furnace:continuous scrap preheating:energy"saving:high-impedance:foaming slag 收稿日期：2009-08-01 基金项目：国家863计划项目(No,2007AA04忆194) 作者简介：间立懿(1952-)，男，副教授，E-mail:iyi-yan@yahoo:com:cn炉料连续预热式电炉炼钢技术探讨 阎立懿1） 王亦东2） 李延智3） 刘一心3） 那 军4） 1） 东北大学 材料与冶金学院沈阳110004 2） 烟台金澄精密线材有限公司烟台264006 3） 长春电炉成套设备有限责任公司长春130031 4） 冀南特钢有限公司邯郸057150 摘 要 在废钢入炉熔炼前利用电炉产生的高温废气进行废钢预热节能效果明显．炉料连续预热式电炉过程实现废钢连 续加料、连续预热及连续熔化电弧加热熔池、熔池熔化废钢与普通电炉有着很大的区别．为了实现高效节能、追求流程设备 顺行及其指标优化本文在研究炉料连续预热式电炉工艺特点的基础上提出如下论点：应对电炉炉衬的砌筑、供电、吹氧去 碳、造渣脱磷等予以重视；由于全程“平熔池期”给电一开始电弧就加热钢水、就对渣线进行高温辐射这就必须考虑保护渣 线因此要求全程造泡沫 渣 进 行 埋 弧 操 作；全 程 “ 平 熔 池 期” 及 “ 变 渣 线” 现 象要 求 渣 线 镁 碳 砖 的 砌 筑 要 向 下 加 厚 （～300mm）增加抵御变渣线的能力；炉料连续预热式电炉变压器参数的确定既要考虑电弧对废钢的熔化（电压要高些）、又 要考虑电弧对平熔池的加热及保温的要求（电压要低些）供电上根据电弧的遮蔽状态（废钢或炉渣的遮蔽状态）确定电压的 大小；为了最大限度节能及环保必须采取余热再利用技术二垩英新的公害值得重视与研究． 关键词 电炉；炉料连续预热；节能；高阻抗；泡沫渣 Technology of metallurgy for continuous scrap preheating electric arc furnace Y A N L-i yi 1）W A NG Y-i dong 2）LI Y an-z hi 3）LIU Y-i xin 3）NA Jun 4） 1） School of Materials and MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110004China 2） Yantai Jincheng Precision Wire Rod Co．Ltd．Yantai264006China 3） Changchun Electric Furnace Co．Ltd．Changchun130031China 4） Jinan Special Steel Co．Ltd．Handan057150China 收稿日期：2009-08-01 基金项目：国家863计划项目（No．2007AA04Z194） 作者简介：阎立懿（1952—）男副教授E-mail：liyi—yan＠yahoo．com．cn ABSTRACT Before putting the scrap steel into the electric arc furnace （EAF）using the high-temperature exhaust gas generating from EAF to preheat it can bring obvious energy-saving effect．Continuous scrap preheating EAF is different from the ordinary EAF in the way of the scrap steel continuous feedingcontinuous preheating and meltingelectric arc heating molten pool and then the molten pool melting scrap．In order to achieve high efficiency and energy-savingensure operating the equipment smoothly in the process and optimize the operating parametersbased on the technology features of the continuous scrap preheating EAF the research results indicate that more attention should be paid to the building of EAF liningpower supplyoxygen jet decarburizationslagging dephosphorization and so on；As the whole “flat molten bath”once the electric power is suppliedthe electric arc heats the molten steel and at the same time the slag line is radiated by the high temperature electric arcso the slag line must be protected and therefore ful-l time submerged arc operation by foaming slag is required；ful-l time “flat molten bath” and “change slag line” phenomenon need the thickness of magnesia-carbon brick on slag line increase about300mmthus the resistance of slag line change can be increased；To determine the transformer parameters of the continuous preheating EAFthe following requirements should be considered：the scrap steel melting （voltage to be higher）the flat molten pool heating and heat preservation （voltage to be lower） by the electric arc．T he selection of the voltage should based on the arc shielding state （scrapor slag shelter state）；in order to maximize energy-saving and environmental protectionthe re-use technology of the waste heat must be appliedthe pollution of dioxin deserves attention and research． KEY WORDS electric arc furnace；continuous scrap preheating；energy-saving；high-impedance；foaming slag 第31卷 增刊1 2009年 12月 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol．31Suppl．1 Dec．2009 DOI:10．13374／j．issn1001－053x．2009．s1．038