吴顺川等：不同荷载条件下低孔隙率砂岩巴西劈裂试验的声发射特性 997· 更剧烈.圆盘接触面积的变化，减弱了荷载接触附 [12]Garcia-Fernandez CC,Gonzalez-Nicieza C.Alvarez-Fernandez M 近区域的应力集中现象，从这个角度来说，非线荷 I,et al.Analytical and experimental study of failure onset during a 载获取抗拉强度的方法更为合理. Brazilian test.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,2018.103:254 [13]King M S,Pettitt W S,Haycox J R,et al.Acoustic emissions (3)线/非线荷载条件下各向同性部分(IS0)、 associated with the formation of fracture sets in sandstone under 纯双力偶(DC)和补偿线性矢量偶极成分(CLVD) polyaxial stress conditions.Geophys Prospect,2012.60:93 的频率百分比，以及微裂纹破裂的主要类型所占 [14]Chow T,Hutchins DA,Falls S D,et al.Ultrasonic attenuation 比例对荷载条件并不敏感，两者破裂的机制均可 tomography in disks under load//IEEE Symposium on Ultrasonics. 以解释为近似平行于荷载方向上的张拉裂纹的萌 Honolulu,1990 生、扩展及贯通 [15]Wang Y S,Deng J H,Li L R,et al.Micro-failure analysis of direct and flat loading Brazilian tensile tests.Rock Mech Rock Eng,2019. 参考文献 52(11):4175 [16]Wu S C,Guo P,Zhang S H,et al.Study on thermal damage of [1]Akazawa T.New test method for evaluating intemal stress due to granite based on Brazilian splitting test.Chin J Rock Mech Eng. compression of concrete (the splitting tension test)(part1).JJpn 2018,37(Suppl23805 Soc Civil Eng,1943,29:777 (吴顺川，郭沛，张诗淮，等.基于巴西劈裂试验的花岗岩热损伤 [2]Xu X L,Wu S C,Gao Y T,et al.Effects of micro-structure and 研究.岩石力学与工程学报，2018,37（增刊2）：3805) micro-parameters on brazilian tensile strength using flat-joint [17]Liu X L,Liu Z,Li X B,et al.Acoustic emission b-values of model.Rock Mech Rock Eng,2016,49(9):1 limestone under uniaxial compression and Brazilian splitting loads. [3]ASTM.D3967-16 Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Rock Soil Mech,2019,40(Suppl 1):267 Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens.West Conshohocken: (刘希灵，刘周，李夕兵，等.单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下灰岩声发射 ASTM Interational,2016 b值特性研究.岩土力学，2019,40（增刊1）267) [4]IS RM.Suggested methods for determining tensile strength of rock [18]Falls S D.Ultrasonic Imaging and Acoustic Emission Studies of materials.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr,1978,15(3): Microcrack Development in Lac du Bonnet Granite[Dissertation]. 99 Canada:Queen's University at Kingston,1993 [5]Ministry of Power Industry,People's Republic of China.GB/T [19]Zhang S H,Wu SC,Zhang G,et al.Three-dimensional evolution 50266-99 Standard for Tests Method of Engineering Rock Massas of damage in sandstone Brazilian discs by the concurrent use of Beijing:China Planning Press,1999 active and passive ultrasonic techniques.Acta Georech,2020 (中华人民共和国电力工业部.GB/T50266-99工程岩体试验方 15(2):393 法标准.北京：中国计划出版社，1999) [20]Ren HL,Ning J G,Song S Z,et al.Investigation on crack growth [6]Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang in concrete by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission.ChinJ Water Resources Commission.SL264-2001 Specifications for Theoret Appl Mech,2019,51(6):1830 Rock Tests in Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Engineering. (任会兰，宁建国，宋水舟，等.基于声发射矩张量分析混凝土破 Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2001 坏的裂纹运动.力学学报，2019,51(6)：1830) (长江水利委员会长江科学院.SL264一2001水利水电工程岩石 [21]Zhang S W,Xian X F,Zhou J P,et al.Acoustic emission 试验规程.北京：中国水利水电出版社，2001) characteristics and the energy distribution of the shale in Brazilian [7]Fairhurst C.On the validity of the 'Brazilian'test for brittle splitting testing.J China Coal Soc,2017,42(Suppl 2):346 materials.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr,1964,1(4): (张树文，鲜学福，周军平，等.基于巴西劈裂试验的页岩声发射 535 与能量分布特征研究.煤炭学报，2017,42（增刊2）：346) [8]Erarslan N,Williams D J.Experimental,numerical and analytical [22]Zhang S H,Wu S C,Chu C Q,et al.Acoustic emission associated studies on tensile strength of rocks.IntJ Rock Mech Min Sci,2012 with self-sustaining failure in low-porosity sandstone under 49:21 uniaxial compression.Rock Mech Rock Eng,2019,52(7):2067 [9]Hudson J A,Brown E T,Rummel F.The controlled failure of rock [23]Zhang S H.Study on Strength and Deformability of Hard Britle discs and rings loaded in diametral compression.Int J Rock Mech Sandstone[Dissertation].Beijing:University of Science and Min Sci,1972,9(2):241 Technology Beijing,2019 [10]Lanaro F,Sato T,Stephansson O.Microcrack modelling of (张诗淮.硬脆性砂岩强度与变形特性研究学位论文]北京：北 Brazilian tensile tests with the boundary element method.Int/ 京科技大学，2019) Rock Mech Min Sci,2009,46(3):450 [24]Fehler M,House L,Kaieda H.Determining planes along which [11]Markides C F,Kourkoulis S K.The stress field in a standardized earthquakes occur:method and application to earthquakes Brazilian disc:the influence of the loading type acting on the accompanying hydraulic fracturing.J Geophys Res Solid Earth, actual contact length.Rock Mech Rock Eng,2012,45(2):145 1987.92(B9):9407更剧烈. 圆盘接触面积的变化，减弱了荷载接触附 近区域的应力集中现象，从这个角度来说，非线荷 载获取抗拉强度的方法更为合理. （3）线/非线荷载条件下各向同性部分（ISO）、 纯双力偶（DC）和补偿线性矢量偶极成分（CLVD） 的频率百分比，以及微裂纹破裂的主要类型所占 比例对荷载条件并不敏感，两者破裂的机制均可 以解释为近似平行于荷载方向上的张拉裂纹的萌 生、扩展及贯通. 参    考    文    献 Akazawa T. New test method for evaluating internal stress due to compression  of  concrete  (the  splitting  tension  test)  (part1). J Jpn Soc Civil Eng, 1943, 29: 777 [1] Xu X L, Wu S C, Gao Y T, et al. Effects of micro-structure and micro-parameters  on  brazilian  tensile  strength  using  flat-joint model. Rock Mech Rock Eng, 2016, 49（9）: 1 [2] ASTM. D3967-16 Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens.  West  Conshohocken: ASTM International, 2016 [3] IS RM. Suggested methods for determining tensile strength of rock materials. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr, 1978, 15（3）: 99 [4] Ministry  of  Power  Industry,  People's  Republic  of  China.  GB/T 50266-99 Standard for Tests Method of Engineering Rock Massas. Beijing: China Planning Press, 1999 （中华人民共和国电力工业部. GB/T 50266-99工程岩体试验方 法标准. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 1999） [5] Changjiang  River  Scientific  Research  Institute  of  Changjiang Water  Resources  Commission.  SL264 —2001 Specifications for Rock Tests in Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Engineering. Beijing: China Water and Power Press, 2001 （长江水利委员会长江科学院. SL264—2001水利水电工程岩石 试验规程. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2001） [6] Fairhurst  C.  On  the  validity  of  the   ‘Brazilian ’  test  for  brittle materials. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr,  1964,  1（4）: 535 [7] Erarslan N, Williams D J. Experimental, numerical and analytical studies on tensile strength of rocks. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 2012, 49: 21 [8] Hudson J A, Brown E T, Rummel F. The controlled failure of rock discs and rings loaded in diametral compression. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 1972, 9（2）: 241 [9] Lanaro  F,  Sato  T,  Stephansson  O.  Microcrack  modelling  of Brazilian  tensile  tests  with  the  boundary  element  method. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 2009, 46（3）: 450 [10] Markides C F, Kourkoulis S K. The stress field in a standardized Brazilian  disc:  the  influence  of  the  loading  type  acting  on  the actual contact length. Rock Mech Rock Eng, 2012, 45（2）: 145 [11] Garcia-Fernandez C C, Gonzalez-Nicieza C, Alvarez-Fernandez M I, et al. Analytical and experimental study of failure onset during a Brazilian test. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 2018, 103: 254 [12] King  M  S,  Pettitt  W  S,  Haycox  J  R,  et  al.  Acoustic  emissions associated  with  the  formation  of  fracture  sets  in  sandstone  under polyaxial stress conditions. Geophys Prospect, 2012, 60: 93 [13] Chow  T,  Hutchins  D  A,  Falls  S  D,  et  al.  Ultrasonic  attenuation tomography in disks under load//IEEE Symposium on Ultrasonics. Honolulu, 1990 [14] Wang Y S, Deng J H, Li L R, et al. Micro-failure analysis of direct and flat loading Brazilian tensile tests. Rock Mech Rock Eng, 2019, 52（11）: 4175 [15] Wu  S  C,  Guo  P,  Zhang  S  H,  et  al.  Study  on  thermal  damage  of granite  based  on  Brazilian  splitting  test.  Chin  J  Rock  Mech  Eng, 2018, 37(Suppl 2): 3805 （吴顺川, 郭沛, 张诗淮, 等. 基于巴西劈裂试验的花岗岩热损伤 研究. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(增刊 2): 3805） [16] Liu  X  L,  Liu  Z,  Li  X  B,  et  al.  Acoustic  emission  b-values  of limestone under uniaxial compression and Brazilian splitting loads. Rock Soil Mech, 2019, 40(Suppl 1): 267 （刘希灵, 刘周, 李夕兵, 等. 单轴压缩与劈裂荷载下灰岩声发射 b值特性研究. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(增刊 1): 267） [17] Falls  S  D. Ultrasonic Imaging and Acoustic Emission Studies of Microcrack Development in Lac du Bonnet Granite[Dissertation]. Canada: Queen's University at Kingston, 1993 [18] Zhang S H, Wu S C, Zhang G, et al. Three-dimensional evolution of  damage  in  sandstone  Brazilian  discs  by  the  concurrent  use  of active  and  passive  ultrasonic  techniques. Acta Geotech,  2020, 15（2）: 393 [19] Ren H L, Ning J G, Song S Z, et al. Investigation on crack growth in concrete by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission. Chin J Theoret Appl Mech, 2019, 51（6）: 1830 （任会兰, 宁建国, 宋水舟, 等. 基于声发射矩张量分析混凝土破 坏的裂纹运动. 力学学报, 2019, 51（6）：1830） [20] Zhang  S  W,  Xian  X  F,  Zhou  J  P,  et  al.  Acoustic  emission characteristics and the energy distribution of the shale in Brazilian splitting testing. J China Coal Soc, 2017, 42(Suppl 2): 346 （张树文, 鲜学福, 周军平, 等. 基于巴西劈裂试验的页岩声发射 与能量分布特征研究. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(增刊 2): 346） [21] Zhang S H, Wu S C, Chu C Q, et al. Acoustic emission associated with  self-sustaining  failure  in  low-porosity  sandstone  under uniaxial compression. Rock Mech Rock Eng, 2019, 52（7）: 2067 [22] Zhang S H. Study on Strength and Deformability of Hard Brittle Sandstone[Dissertation].  Beijing:  University  of  Science  and Technology Beijing, 2019 （张诗淮. 硬脆性砂岩强度与变形特性研究[学位论文]. 北京: 北 京科技大学, 2019） [23] Fehler  M,  House  L,  Kaieda  H.  Determining  planes  along  which earthquakes  occur:  method  and  application  to  earthquakes accompanying  hydraulic  fracturing. J Geophys Res Solid Earth, 1987, 92（B9）: 9407 [24] 吴顺川等： 不同荷载条件下低孔隙率砂岩巴西劈裂试验的声发射特性 · 997 ·