CONTENTS Preface vi Acknowledgments viii Introduction ix 1 Primary Elements 3 Form Space Primary Elements 2 Form &Space 100 Point 4 Form &Space:Unity of Opposites 102 Point Elements 5 Form Defining Space 110 Two Points 6 Horizontal Elements Defining Space 111 Line 8 Base Plane 112 Linear Elements 10 Elevated Base Plane 114 Linear Elements Defining Planes 15 Depressed Base Flane 120 From Line to Plane 14 Overhead Plane 126 Plane 18 Vertical Elements Defining Space 134 Planar Elements 20 Vertical Linear Elements 136 Volume 28 Single Vertical Plane 144 Volumetric Elements 30 L-Shaped Configuration of Planes 148 L-Shaped Planes 149 2 Form Parallel Vertical Planes 154 Form 34 Parallel Planes 155 Properties of Form 35 U-Shaped Planes 160 Shape 36 Four Planes:Closure 166 Primary Shapes 38 Four Planes:Enlosure 170 Circle 39 Openings in Space-Defining Elements 174 Triangle 40 Openings within Planes 176 Square 41 Openings at Corners 178 Surfaces 42 Openings between Planes 180 Curved Surfaces 43 Qualities of Architectural Space 182 Primary Solids 46 Degree of Enclosure 184 Regular &Irregular Forms 50 Light 186 Transformation of Form 54 View 190 Dimensional Transformation 56 Subtractive Form 58 4 Organization Subtractive Additive Forms 61 Organization of Form &Space 196 Additive Form 62 Spatial Relationships 197 Centralized Form 64 Space within a Space 198 Linear Form 66 Interlocking Spaces 200 Radial Form 70 Adjacent Spaces 202 Clustered Form 72 Spaces Linked by a Common Space 204 Grid Form 76 Spatial Organizations 206 Formal Collisions of Geometry 78 Centralized Organizations 208 Circle&Square 80 Linear Organizations 218 Rotated Grid 82 Radial Organizations 228 Articulation of Form 84 Clustered Organizations 234 Edges Corners 86 Grid Organizations 242 Corners 87 Surface Articulation 92CONTENTS Preface vii Acknowledgments viii Introduction ix 1 Primary Elements Primary Elements 2 Point 4 Point Elements 5 Two Points 6 Line 8 Linear Elements 10 Linear Elements Defining Planes 15 From Line to Plane 14 Plane 18 Planar Elements 20 Volume 28 Volumetric Elements 30 2 Form Form 34 Properties of Form 35 Shape 36 Primary Shapes 38 Circle 39 Triangle 40 Square 41 Surfaces 42 Curved Surfaces 43 Primary Solids 46 Regular & Irregular Forms 50 Transformation of Form 54 Dimensional Transformation 56 Subtractive Form 58 Subtractive & Additive Forms 61 Additive Form 62 Centralized Form 64 Linear Form 66 Radial Form 70 Clustered Form 72 Grid Form 76 Formal Collisions of Geometry 78 Circle & Square 80 Rotated Grid 82 Articulation of Form 84 Edges & Corners 86 Corners 87 Surface Articulation 92 3 Form & Space Form & Space 100 Form & Space: Unity of Opposites 102 Form Defining Space 110 Horizontal Elements Defining Space 111 Base Plane 112 Elevated Base Plane 114 Depressed Base Plane 120 Overhead Plane 126 Vertical Elements Defining Space 134 Vertical Linear Elements 136 Single Vertical Plane 144 L-Shaped Configuration of Planes 148 L-Shaped Planes 149 Parallel Vertical Planes 154 Parallel Planes 155 U-Shaped Planes 160 Four Planes: Closure 166 Four Planes: Enlosure 170 Openings in Space-Defining Elements 174 Openings within Planes 176 Openings at Corners 178 Openings between Planes 180 Qualities of Architectural Space 182 Degree of Enclosure 184 Light 186 View 190 4 Organization Organization of Form & Space 196 Spatial Relationships 197 Space within a Space 198 Interlocking Spaces 200 Adjacent Spaces 202 Spaces Linked by a Common Space 204 Spatial Organizations 206 Centralized Organizations 208 Linear Organizations 218 Radial Organizations 228 Clustered Organizations 234 Grid Organizations 242