((Xi)) Acknowledgments Ideas don't come out of thin air.The general ideas in this book represent a synthesis of various intellectual traditions and show the influence of our teachers,colleagues,stu-dents, and friends.In addition,many specific ideas have come from discussions with literally hundreds of people.We cannot adequately acknowledge all of the traditions and people to whom we are indebted.All we can do is to list some of them and hope that the rest will know who they are and that we appreciate them.The following are among the sources of our general ideas. John Robert Ross and Ted Cohen have shaped our ideas about linguistics,philosophy, and life in a great many ways. Pete Becker and Charlotte Linde have given us an appreciation for the way people create coherence in their lives. Charles Fillmore's work on frame semantics,Terry Winograd's ideas about knowledge- representation systems,and Roger Schank's conception of scripts provided the basis for George's original conception of linguistic gestalts,which we have generalized to experiential gestalts. Our views about family resemblances,the prototype theory of categorization,and fuzziness in categorization come from Ludwig Wittgenstein,Eleanor Rosch,Lotfi Zadeh,and Joseph Goguen. Our observations about how a language can reflect the conceptual system of its speakers derive in great part from the work of Edward Sapir,Benjamin Lee Whorf,and others who have worked in that tradition. Our ideas about the relationship between metaphor and ritual derive from the anthropological tradition of Bronislaw ((xii)) Malinowski,Claude Levi-Strauss,Victor Turner,Clifford Geertz,and others. Our ideas about the way our conceptual system is shaped by our constant successful functioning in the physical and cultural environment come partly from the tradition of re- search in human development begun by Jean Piaget and partly from the tradition in ecological psychology growing out of the work of J.J.Gibson and James Jenkins,particu- larly as represented in the work of Robert Shaw,Michael Turvey,and others. Our views about the nature of the human sciences have been significantly influenced by Paul Ricoeur,Robert McCauley,and the Continental tradition in philosophy.((Xi)) Acknowledgments Ideas don't come out of thin air. The general ideas in this book represent a synthesis of various intellectual traditions and show the influence of our teachers, colleagues, stu-dents, and friends. In addition, many specific ideas have come from discussions with literally hundreds of people. We cannot adequately acknowledge all of the traditions and people to whom we are indebted. All we can do is to list some of them and hope that the rest will know who they are and that we appreciate them. The following are among the sources of our general ideas. John Robert Ross and Ted Cohen have shaped our ideas about linguistics, philosophy, and life in a great many ways. Pete Becker and Charlotte Linde have given us an appreciation for the way people create coherence in their lives. Charles Fillmore's work on frame semantics, Terry Winograd's ideas about knowledge￾representation systems, and Roger Schank's conception of scripts provided the basis for George's original conception of linguistic gestalts, which we have generalized to experiential gestalts. Our views about family resemblances, the prototype theory of categorization, and fuzziness in categorization come from Ludwig Wittgenstein, Eleanor Rosch, Lotfi Zadeh, and Joseph Goguen. Our observations about how a language can reflect the conceptual system of its speakers derive in great part from the work of Edward Sapir, Benjamin Lee Whorf, and others who have worked in that tradition. Our ideas about the relationship between metaphor and ritual derive from the anthropological tradition of Bronislaw ((xii)) Malinowski, Claude Levi-Strauss, Victor Turner, Clifford Geertz, and others. Our ideas about the way our conceptual system is shaped by our constant successful functioning in the physical and cultural environment come partly from the tradition of re￾search in human development begun by Jean Piaget and partly from the tradition in ecological psychology growing out of the work of J. J. Gibson and James Jenkins, particu￾larly as represented in the work of Robert Shaw, Michael Turvey, and others. Our views about the nature of the human sciences have been significantly influenced by Paul Ricoeur, Robert McCauley, and the Continental tradition in philosophy