Copyright e The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Per mission required for reproduction or display TABLE 1-1 Organ Systems of the Body SYSTEM MAJOR ORGANS OR TISSUES PRIMARY FUNCTIONS Circulatory Heart, blood vessels, blood (Some classifications also Transport of blood throughout the body's tissues include lymphatic vessels and lymph in this system. Respiratory Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs Exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen; regulation of hydrogen ion concentration Digestive Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, Digestion and absorption of organic nutrients, salts, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder and water Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra Regulation of plasma composition through controlled excretion of salts, water, and organic wastes Musculoskeletal Cartilage, bone, ligaments, tendons, joints, skeletal Support, protection, and movement of the body; muscle production of blood cells Immune White blood cells, lymph vessels and nodes, spleen, Defense against foreign invaders; return of thymus, and other lymphoid tissues extracellular fluid to blood: formation of white blood Nervous Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and ganglia, special Regulation and coordination of many activities in the sense organs body; detection of changes in the internal and external environments: states of consciousness Endocrine All glands secreting hormones: Pancreas, testes, ovaries, Regulation and coordination of many activities in the hypothalamus, kidneys, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, body, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, adrenal, intestinal, thymus, heart, and pineal, and blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and others endocrine cells in other locations Reproductive Male: Testes, penis, and associated ducts and glands Production of sperm; transfer of sperm to female Female: Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina Production of eggs; provision of a nutritive mammary glands environment for the developing embryo and fetus nutrition of the infant Integumentary Ski Protection against injury and dehydration; defense against foreign invaders; regulation of temperature