第16卷第1期 智能系统学报 Vol.16 No.1 2021年1月 CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems Jan.2021 D0L:10.11992tis.202007043 群智能新研究：角色-匹配的狼群劳动分工 吴虎胜，肖人彬2 (1.武警工程大学装备管理与保障学院，陕西西安710086,2.华中科技大学人工智能与自动化学院，湖北武 汉430074) 摘要：启发于生物狼群群体的劳动分工行为，本文提出一种新颖的角色-匹配狼群劳动分工方法。通过剖析 自然狼群的生物学行为，概括提炼出狼群劳动分工行为的个体任务的专职化、个体角色可塑性和任务分配均衡 性3个典型特征，并建立了生物狼群劳动分工行为与普适性任务分配问题之间的仿生映射关系；从狼群“个体 -个体”+“个体-环境”的交互方式角度出发，分析了角色-匹配的狼群劳动分工的个体角色转换和任务调整机 制，研究了狼群角色-匹配的柔性劳动分工机制，提出了一种新的群智能方法，即角色-匹配的狼群劳动分工方 法；将狼群的角色-匹配劳动分工与蚁群的刺激-响应劳动分工和蜂群的激发-抑制劳动分工进行了比较分析， 并展示出角色-匹配狼群劳动分工方法的应用前景。 关键词：群智能；狼群；劳动分工；任务分配；自组织；角色-匹配；激发-抑制；刺激-响应 中图分类号：TP242文献标志码：A文章编号：1673-4785(2021)01-0125-09 中文引用格式：吴虎胜，肖人彬.群智能新研究：角色-匹配的狼群劳动分工智能系统学报，2021,16(1)：125-133. 英文引用格式：WU Husheng,.XIAO Renbin.A new approach to swarm intelligence::role-matching labor division of a wolf pack [J.CAAI transactions on intelligent systems,2021,16(1):125-133. A new approach to swarm intelligence:role-matching labor division of a wolf pack WU Husheng',XIAO Renbin2 (1.College of Equipment Management and Support,Engineering University of PAP,Xi'an 710086,China;2.School of Artificial In- telligence and Automation,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China) Abstract:A novel role-matching labor division method is proposed,inspired by the labor division behavior of a biolo- gical wolf pack.First,through in-depth analysis of the biological behavior of natural wolves,the three typical character- istics of the labor division behavior of a wolf pack,i.e.,the specialization of individual tasks,the plasticity of individual roles,and the balance of task allocation,are summarized and analyzed in this paper.The bionic mapping relationship between the labor division behavior of a biological wolf pack and the universal task allocation is established.Second. from the perspective of the interactive mode of "individual-individual"plus "individual-environment,"the individual role transformation and task adjustment mechanism of the role-matching labor division of a wolf pack are analyzed deeply in this paper.The flexible role-matching labor division mechanism of a wolf pack is studied,and a new swarm intelligence method is proposed,i.e.,the wolf pack role-matching labor division method.Finally,the wolf pack role- matching labor division model,ant colony stimulus-response labor division model,and bee colony activation-inhibition labor division model are compared and analyzed,the proposed method has extensive application prospects in many fields. Keywords:swarm intelligence;wolf pack;labor division;task allocation;self-organization;role-matching,activation- inhibition:stimulus-response 收稿日期：2020-07-24 自然界中，劳动分工现象随处可见。狼群、 基金项目：科技创新2030一“新一代人工智能”重大项目 蚁群、鸟群等生物群体中如捕食、御敌、育幼、筑 (2018AAA0101200):国家自然科学基金项目 (61502534):国家社科基金军事学项目(2019-SKJJ-C- 巢、迁徙等，人类社会中如装备研制、架桥修路 092):陕西省自然科学基金项目(2020JQ-493):武警 工程大学基础理论研究基金项目(WY201922). 军事战争等，群体通过多个个体之间的分工与协 通信作者：肖人彬.E-mail:rbxiao@hust.edu.cn 作，即可完成多样化的复杂任务四。DOI: 10.11992/tis.202007043 群智能新研究：角色−匹配的狼群劳动分工 吴虎胜1 ，肖人彬2 （1. 武警工程大学 装备管理与保障学院，陕西 西安 710086; 2. 华中科技大学 人工智能与自动化学院，湖北 武 汉 430074） 摘 要：启发于生物狼群群体的劳动分工行为，本文提出一种新颖的角色−匹配狼群劳动分工方法。通过剖析 自然狼群的生物学行为，概括提炼出狼群劳动分工行为的个体任务的专职化、个体角色可塑性和任务分配均衡 性 3 个典型特征，并建立了生物狼群劳动分工行为与普适性任务分配问题之间的仿生映射关系；从狼群“个体 −个体”+“个体−环境”的交互方式角度出发，分析了角色−匹配的狼群劳动分工的个体角色转换和任务调整机 制，研究了狼群角色−匹配的柔性劳动分工机制，提出了一种新的群智能方法，即角色−匹配的狼群劳动分工方 法；将狼群的角色−匹配劳动分工与蚁群的刺激−响应劳动分工和蜂群的激发−抑制劳动分工进行了比较分析， 并展示出角色−匹配狼群劳动分工方法的应用前景。 关键词：群智能；狼群；劳动分工；任务分配；自组织；角色−匹配；激发−抑制；刺激−响应 中图分类号：TP242 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673−4785(2021)01−0125−09 中文引用格式：吴虎胜, 肖人彬. 群智能新研究：角色−匹配的狼群劳动分工 [J]. 智能系统学报, 2021, 16(1): 125–133. 英文引用格式：WU Husheng, XIAO Renbin. A new approach to swarm intelligence: role-matching labor division of a wolf pack [J]. CAAI transactions on intelligent systems, 2021, 16(1): 125–133. A new approach to swarm intelligence: role-matching labor division of a wolf pack WU Husheng1 ，XIAO Renbin2 (1. College of Equipment Management and Support, Engineering University of PAP, Xi’an 710086, China; 2. School of Artificial In￾telligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China) Abstract: A novel role-matching labor division method is proposed, inspired by the labor division behavior of a biolo￾gical wolf pack. First, through in-depth analysis of the biological behavior of natural wolves, the three typical character￾istics of the labor division behavior of a wolf pack, i.e., the specialization of individual tasks, the plasticity of individual roles, and the balance of task allocation, are summarized and analyzed in this paper. The bionic mapping relationship between the labor division behavior of a biological wolf pack and the universal task allocation is established. Second, from the perspective of the interactive mode of “individual-individual” plus “individual-environment,” the individual role transformation and task adjustment mechanism of the role-matching labor division of a wolf pack are analyzed deeply in this paper. The flexible role-matching labor division mechanism of a wolf pack is studied, and a new swarm intelligence method is proposed, i.e., the wolf pack role-matching labor division method. Finally, the wolf pack role￾matching labor division model, ant colony stimulus-response labor division model, and bee colony activation-inhibition labor division model are compared and analyzed, the proposed method has extensive application prospects in many fields. Keywords: swarm intelligence; wolf pack; labor division; task allocation; self-organization; role-matching; activation￾inhibition; stimulus-response 自然界中，劳动分工现象随处可见。狼群、 蚁群、鸟群等生物群体中如捕食、御敌、育幼、筑 巢、迁徙等，人类社会中如装备研制、架桥修路、 军事战争等，群体通过多个个体之间的分工与协 作，即可完成多样化的复杂任务[1]。 收稿日期：2020−07−24. 基金项目：科技创新 2030—“ 新一代人工智能 ” 重大项目 (2018AAA0101200) ；国家自然科学基金项 目 (61502534)；国家社科基金军事学项目 (2019-SKJJ-C- 092)；陕西省自然科学基金项目 (2020JQ-493)；武警 工程大学基础理论研究基金项目 (WJY201922). 通信作者：肖人彬. E-mail：rbxiao@hust.edu.cn. 第 16 卷第 1 期 智 能 系 统 学 报 Vol.16 No.1 2021 年 1 月 CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems Jan. 2021