Concepts Microorganisms are responsible for many of the changes observed in organic and inorganic matter (e.g.,fermentation and the carbon,nitrogen and sulfur cycles that occurred in nature. The development of microbiology as a scientific discipline has depended on the availability of the microscope and the ability to isolate and grow pure cultures of microorganisms. Microbiology is a large discipline,which has a great impact on other areas of biology and general human welfare Concepts • Microorganisms are responsible for many of the changes observed in organic and inorganic matter (e.g., fermentation and the carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles that occurred in nature. • The development of microbiology as a scientific discipline has depended on the availability of the microscope and the ability to isolate and grow pure cultures of microorganisms. • Microbiology is a large discipline, which has a great impact on other areas of biology and general human welfare