Foundations and principles The basic elements of a game Any game has 4 elements which define the structure of of the game 1. players: the identity of those playing the game 2. rules: the rules of the game specify three things:(a) the timing of all players moves; (b) the actions available to a player at each of her moves; and ( c) the information that a player has at each move 3. outcomes: the outcome of a game depends on what each player does when it is her turn to move. The set of outcomes is determined by all of the possible combinations of actions taken by players 4. payoffs the payoffs of the game represent the players preferences over the outcomes of the gameFoundations and principles • The basic elements of a game • Any game has 4 elements which define the structure of of the game. • 1. players: the identity of those playing the game. • 2. rules: the rules of the game specify three things: (a) the timing of all players’ moves; (b) the actions available to a player at each of her moves; and (c) the information that a player has at each move. • 3. outcomes: the outcome of a game depends on what each player does when it is her turn to move. The set of outcomes is determined by all of the possible combinations of actions taken by players. • 4. payoffs: the payoffs of the game represent the players’ preferences over the outcomes of the game