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D0I:10.13374.issn1001-053x.2011.12.013 第33卷第12期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 No.12 2011年12月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Dec.2011 展宽角对楔横轧一次成形气门毛坯心部缺陷的影响 王晓飞张康生刘晋平胡正寰 北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 区通信作者,E-mail:feisty@l63.com 摘要以DEFORM-3D6.0软件为有限元模拟工具,模拟了楔横轧一次成形气门毛坯过程,对不同展宽角下轧件中心点的 应力应变场及交变次数进行了研究.在楔横轧H500轧机上进行不同展宽角轧制实验,计算了每个轧件中心孔洞面积,并对其 比较分析.结合有限元模拟和实验结果,揭示了展宽角对心部缺陷的影响规律,即相对较大的展宽角有利于改善心部缺陷. 实验结果表明:中心孔洞面积随展宽角的增大而减小:在其他参数不变的情况下展宽角取8°40有利于改善楔横轧一次成形 气门毛坯心部缺陷. 关键词楔横轧:气门:缺陷:收缩:有限元法 分类号TG335.19 Effect of stretching angle on internal defects in valve roughcasts produced by sin- gle cross wedge rolling WANG Xiao-fei,ZHANG Kang-sheng,LIU Jin-ping,HU Zheng-huan School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:feisty@163.com ABSTRACT The forming process of valve roughcasts by single cross wedge rolling was simulated with finite element software DE- FORM-3D 6.0,focusing on the stress and strain fields and alternating times of rolled pieces at the center point under different stretc- hing angles.Rolling experiments at different stretching angles were done on an H500 rolling mill,and the area of the centre hole was calculated for each rolled piece.The influence of stretching angle on internal defects in rolled pieces was analyzed on the basis of simu- lation and experimental results.It is shown that a relatively larger stretching angle can improve the internal defects.Experimental re- sults show that the area of the centre hole decreases with the stretching angle increasing.The stretching angle of 840is propitious to improve internal defects in valve roughcasts produced single cross wedge rolling when the other parameters are invariable. KEY WORDS cross wedge rolling:valves:defects:shrinkage:finite element method 发动机气门是汽车主要零部件.它的作用是 存在不同缺点,主要有设备投资大、能耗大、模具 向发动机内输入燃料并排出废气,在高压、高温和 寿命短以及对原材料表面质量要求高、废品率高 腐蚀环境中频繁往复运动,承受强烈冲击和刷烈 和生产率低等B-) 摩擦,排气门头部和气门座承受燃气高速吹刷,又 楔横轧是一种轴类零件成形新工艺,以其连续 不易散热,温度可达600~800℃,甚至900℃,同 局部的成形方式,在阶梯轴类件的制造方面显示出 时还要经受高温下侵蚀性介质腐蚀.因而气门应 特殊的优势,与传统锻造、切削工艺相比,具有效率 具有良好的刚度、强度、耐磨性、抗腐蚀性、抗氧化 高3~7倍,节约材料20%~40%,产品精度高、劳 性和导热能力,尤其是高的热强性(持久强度和高 动条件好、模具寿命长和产品成本低等优点,适合于 温疲劳强度)回.传统的气门加工主要方法有电 大批量生产回转类零件毛坯因.利用楔横轧成形气 热镦粗后模锻成形和热挤压成形.这两种方法都 门毛坯这种阶梯轴类件具有工艺上的优势.楔横轧 收稿日期:2010-1202 基金项目:广东省教有部产学研结合项目(2009A090100022:2008B090500165)第 33 卷 第 12 期 2011 年 12 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 No. 12 Dec. 2011 展宽角对楔横轧一次成形气门毛坯心部缺陷的影响 王晓飞 张康生 刘晋平 胡正寰 北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: feisty@ 163. com 摘 要 以 DEFORM--3D 6. 0 软件为有限元模拟工具,模拟了楔横轧一次成形气门毛坯过程,对不同展宽角下轧件中心点的 应力应变场及交变次数进行了研究. 在楔横轧 H500 轧机上进行不同展宽角轧制实验,计算了每个轧件中心孔洞面积,并对其 比较分析. 结合有限元模拟和实验结果,揭示了展宽角对心部缺陷的影响规律,即相对较大的展宽角有利于改善心部缺陷. 实验结果表明: 中心孔洞面积随展宽角的增大而减小; 在其他参数不变的情况下展宽角取 8°40'有利于改善楔横轧一次成形 气门毛坯心部缺陷. 关键词 楔横轧; 气门; 缺陷; 收缩; 有限元法 分类号 TG335. 19 Effect of stretching angle on internal defects in valve roughcasts produced by sin￾gle cross wedge rolling WANG Xiao-fei ,ZHANG Kang-sheng,LIU Jin-ping,HU Zheng-huan School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: feisty@ 163. com ABSTRACT The forming process of valve roughcasts by single cross wedge rolling was simulated with finite element software DE￾FORM-3D 6. 0,focusing on the stress and strain fields and alternating times of rolled pieces at the center point under different stretc￾hing angles. Rolling experiments at different stretching angles were done on an H500 rolling mill,and the area of the centre hole was calculated for each rolled piece. The influence of stretching angle on internal defects in rolled pieces was analyzed on the basis of simu￾lation and experimental results. It is shown that a relatively larger stretching angle can improve the internal defects. Experimental re￾sults show that the area of the centre hole decreases with the stretching angle increasing. The stretching angle of 8°40' is propitious to improve internal defects in valve roughcasts produced single cross wedge rolling when the other parameters are invariable. KEY WORDS cross wedge rolling; valves; defects; shrinkage; finite element method 收稿日期: 2010--12--02 基金项目: 广东省教育部产学研结合项目( 2009A090100022; 2008B090500165) 发动机气门是汽车主要零部件. 它的作用是 向发动机内输入燃料并排出废气,在高压、高温和 腐蚀环境中频繁往复运动,承受强烈冲击和剧烈 摩擦,排气门头部和气门座承受燃气高速吹刷,又 不易散热,温度可达 600 ~ 800 ℃ ,甚至 900 ℃ ,同 时还要经受高温下侵蚀性介质腐蚀. 因而气门应 具有良好的刚度、强度、耐磨性、抗腐蚀性、抗氧化 性和导热能力,尤其是高的热强性( 持久强度和高 温疲劳强度) [1--2]. 传统的气门加工主要方法有电 热镦粗后模锻成形和热挤压成形. 这两种方法都 存在不同缺点,主要有设备投资大、能耗大、模具 寿命短以及对原材料表面质量要求高、废品率高 和生产率低等[3--5]. 楔横轧是一种轴类零件成形新工艺,以其连续 局部的成形方式,在阶梯轴类件的制造方面显示出 特殊的优势,与传统锻造、切削工艺相比,具有效率 高 3 ~ 7 倍,节约材料 20% ~ 40% ,产品精度高、劳 动条件好、模具寿命长和产品成本低等优点,适合于 大批量生产回转类零件毛坯[6]. 利用楔横轧成形气 门毛坯这种阶梯轴类件具有工艺上的优势. 楔横轧 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.12.013
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