Medical Genetics 4. Gene Expression The majority of genes are expressed as the proteins they encode. The process occurs in two steps: Transcription E DNA RNA Translation RNA protein Taken together, they make up the"central dogma" of biology:DNA→RNA→ protein.Medical Genetics 4. Gene Expression The majority of genes are expressed as the proteins they encode. The process occurs in two steps: Transcription = DNA → RNA Translation = RNA → protein Taken together, they make up the "central dogma" of biology: DNA → RNA → protein