姜敏等：低氧特殊钢中大尺寸Dパ类夹杂物生成机理 ·785· 1718 能谱靶点1 1288 Ca 859 1.28 2.56 3.84 5.126.40 7.688.9610.24 能量keV 1793h 能谱靶点2 1345 896 44 12μm Ca 128 2.56 3.845.126.40 7.688.9610.24 能量keV 图7高温动态原位观察后试样中典型夹杂物 Fig.7 Typical inclusion in the steel sample after in-situ observation 重视，应尽量减少其数量，而不应将其无条件地视为 化管理委员会，GB/T10561一2005钢中非金属夹杂物含量 无害. 的测定一标准评级图显微检验法.北京：中国标准出版 社，2005) 参考文献 [11]High reliability long life bearing steel premium 22.Sanyo Tech Rep,2013,20(1):70 [1]Yang Z G.Li S X,Zhang J M,et al.The fatigue behaviors of ze- (高信赖性長寿命轴受鋼.山阳特殊鋼技報，2013,20(1)： roinclusion and commercial 42CrMo steels in the super-ong fa- 70) tigue life regime.Acta Mater,2004,52(18):5235 [12]Liu J H,Zhu R.Lin T C,et al.Study on the cleanliness of 2]Chapetti M D,Tagawa T,Miyata T.Ultra-long cycle fatigue of crank steel $34MnV produced by the EAF-F(VD)-VT.Uni high-strength carbon steels:Part I.Review and analysis of the Sci Technol Beijing,2009,31 (Suppl 1):135 mechanism of failure.Mater Sci Eng A,2003,356(1-2):227 (刘剑辉，朱荣，林腾昌，等.EAF一LF(VD)一VT工艺生产 Chapetti M D.Tagawa T,Miyata T.Ultra-ong eycle fatigue of 曲拐用钢S43MV的洁净度研究.北京科技大学学报， high-strength carbon steels:Part II.Estimation of fatigue limit for 2009,31(增f刊1)：135) failure from internal inclusions.Mater Sci Eng A,2003, 3] Cai F W,Wang B,Yu P.Prevention of large size inclusions and 356(1-2):236 the countermeasures.Sci Technol Inf,2013.34:81 [4]Cogne J Y,Heritier B.Monnot J.Cleanness and fatigue life of (蔡丰伟，王滨，余苹。钢中大颗粒夹杂物的产生及防止.科 bearing steel Proceedings of the Conference on Clean Steel 3. 技咨询，2013,34：81) London:the Metals Society,1986:30 D4] Miao X D,Yu C M,Shi C M,et al.Formation and control of 5]Ders J,Thivard B.Genta A.Improvement of steel wire for cold calcium aluminate inclusions in bearing steel./Unir Sci Technol heading.Wire J Int,1992,10:73 Beijing,2007,29(8):771 [6]Duckworth W E,Ineson E.Clean Steel /London:Iron and Steel (缪新德，于春梅，石超民，等.轴承钢中钙铝酸盐夹杂物的 Institute,1963:87 形成及控制.北京科技大学大学学报，2007,29(8)：771) 7]Kawakami K.Generation mechanisms of non-metallic inclusions in [15]Li Z,Hu J H,Xu M H,et al.Influence of reefing slag composi- high-cleanliness steel.Sanyo Tech Rep,2007,14(1):22 tion on D type inclusion in bearing steel /Proceeding of Baosteel [8]Shiwaka K,Koarai J,Yoshiro Y,et al.Super clean steel for vavle Biennial Academic Conference.Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific and spring.R&D Kobe Steel Eng Rep,1985,35(4):79 Technological Literature Press,2006:411 (塩飽潔，小新井治即，山田凯朗，等.超清淨弁仗权用鋼.神 (李铮，胡俊辉，徐明华，等.精炼渣系对轴承钢D类夹杂 户製鋼技報，1985,35(4)：79) 物的影响/第二届宝钢学术会议论文集.上海：上海科学技 ASTM Committee E04 on Metallography.ASTM E 45-05.Stand- 术文献出版社，2006：411) ard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel. 6 Miao X D,Xu G Q,Chen Q H,et al.Analysis on cause to for- ASTM International,2005 mation of large grain size inclusions (DS type)in steel GCr15. [10]General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Steelmaking,2007,23(2)21 Quarantine of People's Republic of China/Standardization Ad- (缪新德，徐国庆，陈情华，等.GC15钢中大颗粒夹杂(DS ministration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T 10561- 类)的生成原因分析.炼钢，2007,23(2)：21) 2005 Steel-Determination of Content of Nonmetallic Inclusions [17]Jiang M,Wang X H,Chen B,et al.Formation of MgO.Al2O; Micrographic Method Using Standards Diagrams.Beijing:Stand- Inclusions in high strength alloyed structural steel refined by ards Press of China:2005 Ca0Si02-Al,03-Mg0slag.S0t,2008,48(7):885 (中华人民共和国国家治理监督检验检疫总局中国国家标准 [18]Jiang M,Wang X H,Chen B.et al.Laboratory study on evolu-姜 敏等: 低氧特殊钢中大尺寸 DS 类夹杂物生成机理 图 7 高温动态原位观察后试样中典型夹杂物 Fig． 7 Typical inclusion in the steel sample after in-situ observation 重视，应尽量减少其数量，而不应将其无条件地视为 无害． 参 考 文 献 ［1］ Yang Z G，Li S X，Zhang J M，et al． The fatigue behaviors of ze￾ro-inclusion and commercial 42CrMo steels in the super-long fa￾tigue life regime． Acta Mater，2004，52( 18) : 5235 ［2］ Chapetti M D，Tagawa T，Miyata T． Ultra-long cycle fatigue of high-strength carbon steels: Part Ⅰ． Ｒeview and analysis of the mechanism of failure． Mater Sci Eng A，2003，356( 1--2) : 227 ［3］ Chapetti M D，Tagawa T，Miyata T． Ultra-long cycle fatigue of high-strength carbon steels: Part Ⅱ． Estimation of fatigue limit for failure from internal inclusions． Mater Sci Eng A， 2003， 356( 1--2) : 236 ［4］ Cogne J Y，Heritier B，Monnot J． Cleanness and fatigue life of bearing steel / / Proceedings of the Conference on Clean Steel 3． London: the Metals Society，1986: 30 ［5］ Ders J，Thivard B，Genta A． Improvement of steel wire for cold heading． Wire J Int，1992，10: 73 ［6］ Duckworth W E，Ineson E． Clean Steel I． London: Iron and Steel Institute，1963: 87 ［7］ Kawakami K． Generation mechanisms of non-metallic inclusions in high-cleanliness steel． Sanyo Tech Ｒep，2007，14( 1) : 22 ［8］ Shiwaka K，Koarai J，Yoshiro Y，et al． Super clean steel for vavle spring． Ｒ＆D Kobe Steel Eng Ｒep，1985，35( 4) : 79 ( 塩飽潔，小新井治郎，山田凱朗，等． 超清淨弁ばね用鋼． 神 户製鋼技報，1985，35( 4) : 79) ［9］ ASTM Committee E04 on Metallography． ASTM E 45-05． Stand￾ard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel． ASTM International，2005 ［10］ General Administration of Quality Supervision，Inspection and Quarantine of People’s Ｒepublic of China / Standardization Ad￾ministration of the People’s Ｒepublic of China． GB /T 10561— 2005 Steel—Determination of Content of Nonmetallic Inclusions— Micrographic Method Using Standards Diagrams． Beijing: Stand￾ards Press of China: 2005 ( 中华人民共和国国家治理监督检验检疫总局中国国家标准 化管理委员会，GB /T 10561—2005 钢中非金属夹杂物含量 的测定———标准评级图显微检验法． 北京: 中国标准出版 社，2005) ［11］ High reliability long life bearing steel premium J2． Sanyo Tech Ｒep，2013，20( 1) : 70 ( 高信赖性長寿命軸受鋼． 山阳特殊鋼技報，2013，20( 1) : 70) ［12］ Liu J H，Zhu Ｒ，Lin T C，et al． Study on the cleanliness of crank steel S34MnV produced by the EAF-LF( VD) -VT． J Univ Sci Technol Beijing，2009，31( Suppl 1) : 135 ( 刘剑辉，朱荣，林腾昌，等． EAF—LF( VD) —VT 工艺生产 曲拐 用 钢 S43MnV 的 洁 净 度 研 究． 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报， 2009，31( 增刊 1) : 135) ［13］ Cai F W，Wang B，Yu P． Prevention of large size inclusions and the countermeasures． Sci Technol Inf，2013，34: 81 ( 蔡丰伟，王滨，余苹． 钢中大颗粒夹杂物的产生及防止． 科 技咨询，2013，34: 81) ［14］ Miao X D，Yu C M，Shi C M，et al． Formation and control of calcium aluminate inclusions in bearing steel． J Univ Sci Technol Beijing，2007，29( 8) : 771 ( 缪新德，于春梅，石超民，等． 轴承钢中钙铝酸盐夹杂物的 形成及控制． 北京科技大学大学学报，2007，29( 8) : 771) ［15］ Li Z，Hu J H，Xu M H，et al． Influence of reefing slag composi￾tion on D type inclusion in bearing steel / / Proceeding of Baosteel Biennial Academic Conference． Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technological Literature Press，2006: 411 ( 李铮，胡俊辉，徐明华，等． 精炼渣系对轴承钢 D 类夹杂 物的影响/ /第二届宝钢学术会议论文集． 上海: 上海科学技 术文献出版社，2006: 411) ［16］ Miao X D，Xu G Q，Chen Q H，et al． Analysis on cause to for￾mation of large grain size inclusions ( DS type) in steel GCr15． Steelmaking，2007，23( 2) : 21 ( 缪新德，徐国庆，陈情华，等． GCr15 钢中大颗粒夹杂( DS 类) 的生成原因分析． 炼钢，2007，23( 2) : 21) ［17］ Jiang M，Wang X H，Chen B，et al． Formation of MgO·Al2O3 Inclusions in high strength alloyed structural steel refined by CaO--SiO2 --Al2O3 --MgO slag． ISIJ Int，2008，48( 7) : 885 ［18］ Jiang M，Wang X H，Chen B，et al． Laboratory study on evolu- · 587 ·