Learning Theory of Gestalt Psychology 5.1 About Gestalt Psychology before1900,studied law,philosophy. 1901-1904,studied psychology and philosophy at the universities of Prague, Berlin. 1904, received Ph.D. at Würzbur

Are they instances of learning? (1) A young child takes his first steps. (2) An adolescent male feels a strong attraction tocertain females. (3) A child feels anxious when he sees the doctorcoming with a needle

4.1.1 Edward Lee Thorndyke:1874-1949, American educational psychologist. 1891-1895,studied English literature in Wesleyan University

Received bachelor’s degree in Hamilton College in New York, majored in English literature. He decided to be a writer.(influenced by Robert Frost)

Born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania. Received bachelor’s degree in Hamilton College in New York, majored in English literature. He decided to be a writer.(influenced by Robert Frost)

4.2.1 Ivan Petrovich Pavlov:Sep.14, 1849 – Feb.27, 1936 Place of birth: Ryazan (Russia) Education: Studied medicine at St. Petersburg (Russia)

Anything that can be learned from direct experience can also be learned by indirect or vicarious experience

“If I had to reduce all educational psychology just one principle, I would say this: The most important single factor influencing learning is what the learner already knows. Ascertain this and teach him accordingly

义务教育阶段数学课程改革简介；高中数学课程改革简介 教学目标： 通过本节课的学习，使学生熟悉我国现阶段数学课程改革的理念，为以 后走上工作岗位打好基础

第一节 教育方法概述 第二节 中小学常用的教育方法及其指导 第三节 中小学生学习方法的研究及其指导