Articles 1990 2010 Neonatal Postneonatal Childhood Neonatal Postneonatal Childhood Asia Pacific,high income Brunei 693-99-6) 3-2(13-5-7) 14(05-37) 43(21-71) 22(0-8-4-2) 09(0-3-2-6) Japan 34(2-5-4-2) 23(16-2-9) 1-0(0-6-17 1-5(1-0-2-0) 13(09-1-7刀 0-5(0-3-09) Singapore 4-63-6-55) 22(16-2-9) 1-0(0-6-1-6) 13(0-8-1-9) 0-9(0-6-1-2) 0-4(02-07) South Korea 6-83-5-10-3) 31(12-6-1) 14(0-5-38) 2-9(13-5-0) 1-6(0-6-33引 0-7(0-2-1-9) Asia,central Armenia 227(18-1-283) 22-7(18-4-26-8) 63(41-9-6) 11-6(90-142) 57(3-7-8-2) 2-1(12-37刃 Azerbaijan 30-1(239-37-3) 38-231-5-44-5) 122(8-4-180) 17-2(13-5-21-9) 123(83-17-6) 4-6(27-74) Georgia 20-3(11-7-30-7刃 18-4(9-7-26-8) 6-7(2-9-14-7) 13-1(7-4-19-3) 7-7(3-4-141) 32(11-7-9) Kazakhstan 22-0(17-4-27-8) 24-6(19-8-287刀 7-5(49-113) 15-3(115-197) 122(8-2-17-5) 4-1(2-5-71) Kyrgyzstan 283(22-5-35-5) 31-9(26-0-37-0) 10-8(7-3-16-2) 20-7(161-25-6) 164(11-5-21-1) 59(3-6-9-7) Mongolia 33-0(195-53-6) 48-4(289-63-5) 16-077-311) 16-7(95-24-8) 12-5(6-2-199) 49(1.9-109) Tajikistan 35-7(21-6-591) 57-7(36.2-75-3) 18-8(93-367) 21-6(12-8-344) 213(11-6-32-1) 7-63-5-165) Turkmenistan 335(201-56-1) 513(32-5-68-0) 16-8(8-3-333) 13-7(8-0-21-9) 90(39-16-5) 3-6(13-94) Uzbekistan 23-6(17-9-30-3) 27-2(21-8-32-0) 16.5(115-23-2) 17-8(131-231) 158(11-0-20-9) 10-5(6-6-15-7) Asia,east China 253(16-0-33-4) 11-6(54-19-7刀 31(12-7-9) 94(5-1-135) 47(1-8-8.2) 13(0-4-3-8) North Korea 32-7(214-418) 15-0(7-0-25-2) 39(1595) 211(134-275) 99(4-5-16.9) 2-6(1-0-68) Taiwan 53(3-0-7-4) 2-8(11-4-9) 08(03-2-4) 3-6(1-9-53) 2-0(0-7-35) 0-6(02-1-8) Asia,south Afghanistan 698(44-4-100-5) 490(284-71-5) 544(29-6-84-6) 56-0(35-1-80-2) 35-8(20-2-54-0) 347(17-7-57-8) Bangladesh 64-5(52-1-76-4) 37-9(30-0-45-0) 43931-957-9) 31-3(254-36-9) 142(10-9-17-6) 114(7.5-16-6) Bhutan 637(40.9-91-1) 42-9(248-641) 45-7(244-71-8) 301(191-41-5) 145(7-2-23-8) 104(4-5-20-2) India 539(43-4-645) 314(24-8-37-7) 335(24-1-454) 343(27-7-40-8) 15-9(12-1-19-7) 13-6(90-197刃 Nepal 59-1(47-2-71-5) 40-0(31-9-47-6) 45-033-3-59-7 254(205-309) 12-7(9-5-16-3) 10-0(6-5-15-2) Pakistan 54-8(44-9-643) 36-2(28-8-42-4) 267(18-5-37-3) 42-74-8-52-1) 243(183-313) 154(9-6-23-9) Asia,southeast Cambodia 415(325-51-7刃 46-2(38-0-545) 387(280-51-0) 26-2(187-35-9) 22-8(153-33-9) 12-0(5-923-6) Burma 40-5233-62-9) 400(223-57-5) 449(22-5-69-7刀 244(144-38-5) 17-7(8.7-309) 139(5-8-28-0) Indonesia 27-5(21-5-33-8) 25-8(20-8-30-4) 20-0(141-274) 17-8(14-0-22.2) 12-5(94-15-8) 6-8(43-104) Laos 44-8(26.8-71-2) 47-9(28-3-711) 593(33-4-87-4) 28-3(15-8-46-5) 22-2(10-4-39-0) 1947-2-38-7) Malaysia 957-5-114) 45(33-58) 2-5(1-5-4-0) 3-6(29-4-6) 11(0-7-1-7) 0-4(02-0-8) Maldives 333(198-51-5) 29316-6-436) 28-7(153-46-9) 9-0(5-4-12-5) 36(13-7-2) 15(0-5-4-6) Mauritius 15-3(12-6-17.9) 71(5-1-91) 22(1-4-3-6) 9375-111) 2.9(18-4-5) 0-7(0-4-1-5) Philippines 20-2(150-25-8) 16-9(134-205) 181(12-8-24-3) 133(9-7-17-0) 8-5(6-0-113) 7-0(4-5-10-8) Seychelles 11-57-0-156) 5-1(22-91) 2.4(0-9-6-1) 8-2(4-7-123) 31(11-6-5 12(0-3-40) Sri Lanka 19-0(15-1-235) 96(7-3-123) 7-2(47-10-9) 7-1(5-0-102) 2-2(13-3-8) 0-8(0-3-19） Thailand 14-8(12-1-17-1) 5-7(4-2-7-3) 2-9(18-47刀 6-5(5-2-7-9) 1-8(1-1-2-6) 0-7(0-3-13) Timor-Leste 36-2(214-57-2) 33-6(192-497刀 352(19-3-55-6) 26-8(15-6-42-3) 20-7(10-1-33-1) 17-07-2-33-9) Vietnam 20-915-9-26-2) 11-4(8-8-14-4) 147(10-1-20-4) 8-3(6-0-11-8) 2-5(14-43) 21(10-4-4) Australasia Australia 6-0(47-7-1) 3-0(21-40) 1-0(0-6-1-7刀 2-8(2-0-3-6) 1-5(1-0-2-1) 0-5(03-09) New Zealand 54(4-1-69) 46(34-58) 11(0-7-19) 27(1-9-3-6) 25(1-7-32 0-6(0-3-1-0) (Continues on next page) estimates and uncertainty intervals for neonatal, an increasing share of child mortality caused by relative postneonatal,and childhood mortality in all 187 countries changes in under-5 mortality and fertility.In 1970,these for1990and2010. regions accounted for a combined 55%of all child Webappendix p 206 shows the annual number of deaths.In 2010,they account for more than 82%(33-0% deaths in children younger than 5 years in the 21 regions. in south Asia and 49.6%in sub-Saharan Africa).By As worldwide child mortality has fallen,south Asia and comparison,the proportion of deaths in children the regions of sub-Saharan Africa together have accrued younger than 5 years occurring in the Caribbean,east www.thelancet.com Vol 375 June 5,2010 1999Articles www.thelancet.com Vol 375 June 5, 2010 1999 estimates and uncertainty intervals for neonatal, postneonatal, and childhood mortality in all 187 countries for 1990 and 2010. Webappendix p 206 shows the annual number of deaths in children younger than 5 years in the 21 regions. As worldwide child mortality has fallen, south Asia and the regions of sub-Saharan Africa together have accrued an increasing share of child mortality caused by relative changes in under-5 mortality and fertility. In 1970, these regions accounted for a combined 55% of all child deaths. In 2010, they account for more than 82% (33·0% in south Asia and 49·6% in sub-Saharan Africa). By comparison, the proportion of deaths in children younger than 5 years occurring in the Caribbean, east 1990 2010 Neonatal Postneonatal Childhood Neonatal Postneonatal Childhood Asia Pacifi c, high income Brunei 6·9 (3·9–9·6) 3·2 (1·3–5·7) 1·4 (0·5–3·7) 4·3 (2·1–7·1) 2·2 (0·8–4·2) 0·9 (0·3–2·6) Japan 3·4 (2·5–4·2) 2·3 (1·6–2·9) 1·0 (0·6–1·7) 1·5 (1·0–2·0) 1·3 (0·9–1·7) 0·5 (0·3–0·9) Singapore 4·6 (3·6–5·5) 2·2 (1·6–2·9) 1·0 (0·6–1·6) 1·3 (0·8–1·9) 0·9 (0·6–1·2) 0·4 (0·2–0·7) South Korea 6·8 (3·5–10·3) 3·1 (1·2–6·1) 1·4 (0·5–3·8) 2·9 (1·3–5·0) 1·6 (0·6–3·3) 0·7 (0·2–1·9) Asia, central Armenia 22·7 (18·1–28·3) 22·7 (18·4–26·8) 6·3 (4·1–9·6) 11·6 (9·0–14·2) 5·7 (3·7–8·2) 2·1 (1·2–3·7) Azerbaijan 30·1 (23·9–37·3) 38·2 (31·5–44·5) 12·2 (8·4–18·0) 17·2 (13·5–21·9) 12·3 (8·3–17·6) 4·6 (2·7–7·4) Georgia 20·3 (11·7–30·7) 18·4 (9·7–26·8) 6·7 (2·9–14·7) 13·1 (7·4–19·3) 7·7 (3·4–14·1) 3·2 (1·1–7·9) Kazakhstan 22·0 (17·4–27·8) 24·6 (19·8–28·7) 7·5 (4·9–11·3) 15·3 (11·5–19·7) 12·2 (8·2–17·5) 4·1 (2·5–7·1) Kyrgyzstan 28·3 (22·5–35·5) 31·9 (26·0–37·0) 10·8 (7·3–16·2) 20·7 (16·1–25·6) 16·4 (11·5–21·1) 5·9 (3·6–9·7) Mongolia 33·0 (19·5–53·6) 48·4 (28·9–63·5) 16·0 (7·7–31·1) 16·7 (9·5–24·8) 12·5 (6·2–19·9) 4·9 (1·9–10·9) Tajikistan 35·7 (21·6–59·1) 57·7 (36·2–75·3) 18·8 (9·3–36·7) 21·6 (12·8–34·4) 21·3 (11·6–32·1) 7·6 (3·5–16·5) Turkmenistan 33·5 (20·1–56·1) 51·3 (32·5–68·0) 16·8 (8·3–33·3) 13·7 (8·0–21·9) 9·0 (3·9–16·5) 3·6 (1·3–9·4) Uzbekistan 23·6 (17·9–30·3) 27·2 (21·8–32·0) 16·5 (11·5–23·2) 17·8 (13·1–23·1) 15·8 (11·0–20·9) 10·5 (6·6–15·7) Asia, east China 25·3 (16·0–33·4) 11·6 (5·4–19·7) 3·1 (1·2–7·9) 9·4 (5·1–13·5) 4·7 (1·8–8·2) 1·3 (0·4–3·8) North Korea 32·7 (21·4–41·8) 15·0 (7·0–25·2) 3·9 (1·5–9·5) 21·1 (13·4–27·5) 9·9 (4·5–16·9) 2·6 (1·0–6·8) Taiwan 5·3 (3·0–7·4) 2·8 (1·1–4·9) 0·8 (0·3–2·4) 3·6 (1·9–5·3) 2·0 (0·7–3·5) 0·6 (0·2–1·8) Asia, south Afghanistan 69·8 (44·4–100·5) 49·0 (28·4–71·5) 54·4 (29·6–84·6) 56·0 (35·1–80·2) 35·8 (20·2–54·0) 34·7 (17·7–57·8) Bangladesh 64·5 (52·1–76·4) 37·9 (30·0–45·0) 43·9 (31·9–57·9) 31·3 (25·4–36·9) 14·2 (10·9–17·6) 11·4 (7·5–16·6) Bhutan 63·7 (40·9–91·1) 42·9 (24·8–64·1) 45·7 (24·4–71·8) 30·1 (19·1–41·5) 14·5 (7·2–23·8) 10·4 (4·5–20·2) India 53·9 (43·4–64·5) 31·4 (24·8–37·7) 33·5 (24·1–45·4) 34·3 (27·7–40·8) 15·9 (12·1–19·7) 13·6 (9·0–19·7) Nepal 59·1 (47·2–71·5) 40·0 (31·9–47·6) 45·0 (33·3–59·7) 25·4 (20·5–30·9) 12·7 (9·5–16·3) 10·0 (6·5–15·2) Pakistan 54·8 (44·9–64·3) 36·2 (28·8–42·4) 26·7 (18·5–37·3) 42·7 (34·8–52·1) 24·3 (18·3–31·3) 15·4 (9·6–23·9) Asia, southeast Cambodia 41·5 (32·5–51·7) 46·2 (38·0–54·5) 38·7 (28·0–51·0) 26·2 (18·7–35·9) 22·8 (15·3–33·9) 12·0 (5·9–23·6) Burma 40·5 (23·3–62·9) 40·0 (22·3–57·5) 44·9 (22·5–69·7) 24·4 (14·4–38·5) 17·7 (8·7–30·9) 13·9 (5·8–28·0) Indonesia 27·5 (21·5–33·8) 25·8 (20·8–30·4) 20·0 (14·1–27·4) 17·8 (14·0–22·2) 12·5 (9·4–15·8) 6·8 (4·3–10·4) Laos 44·8 (26·8–71·2) 47·9 (28·3–71·1) 59·3 (33·4–87·4) 28·3 (15·8–46·5) 22·2 (10·4–39·0) 19·4 (7·2–38·7) Malaysia 9·5 (7·5–11·4) 4·5 (3·3–5·8) 2·5 (1·5–4·0) 3·6 (2·9–4·6) 1·1 (0·7–1·7) 0·4 (0·2–0·8) Maldives 33·3 (19·8–51·5) 29·3 (16·6–43·6) 28·7 (15·3–46·9) 9·0 (5·4–12·5) 3·6 (1·3–7·2) 1·5 (0·5–4·6) Mauritius 15·3 (12·6–17·9) 7·1 (5·1–9·1) 2·2 (1·4–3·6) 9·3 (7·5–11·1) 2·9 (1·8–4·5) 0·7 (0·4–1·5) Philippines 20·2 (15·0–25·8) 16·9 (13·4–20·5) 18·1 (12·8–24·3) 13·3 (9·7–17·0) 8·5 (6·0–11·3) 7·0 (4·5–10·8) Seychelles 11·5 (7·0–15·6) 5·1 (2·2–9·1) 2·4 (0·9–6·1) 8·2 (4·7–12·3) 3·1 (1·1–6·5) 1·2 (0·3–4·0) Sri Lanka 19·0 (15·1–23·5) 9·6 (7·3–12·3) 7·2 (4·7–10·9) 7·1 (5·0–10·2) 2·2 (1·3–3·8) 0·8 (0·3–1·9) Thailand 14·8 (12·1–17·1) 5·7 (4·2–7·3) 2·9 (1·8–4·7) 6·5 (5·2–7·9) 1·8 (1·1–2·6) 0·7 (0·3–1·3) Timor-Leste 36·2 (21·4–57·2) 33·6 (19·2–49·7) 35·2 (19·3–55·6) 26·8 (15·6–42·3) 20·7 (10·1–33·1) 17·0 (7·2–33·9) Vietnam 20·9 (15·9–26·2) 11·4 (8·8–14·4) 14·7 (10·1–20·4) 8·3 (6·0–11·8) 2·5 (1·4–4·3) 2·1 (1·0–4·4) Australasia Australia 6·0 (4·7–7·1) 3·0 (2·1–4·0) 1·0 (0·6–1·7) 2·8 (2·0–3·6) 1·5 (1·0–2·1) 0·5 (0·3–0·9) New Zealand 5·4 (4·1–6·9) 4·6 (3·4–5·8) 1·1 (0·7–1·9) 2·7 (1·9–3·6) 2·5 (1·7–3·2) 0·6 (0·3–1·0) (Continues on next page)