例侧:组态自由离子的无谱项 编号 m1M=Σ 0 共45种微观态 1↑↓ 0 0 (2L+1)(2S+1) 个↓ 0 2345678911 ↑↓ 0 lG(L=4,S=0)-9种 ↑↓ 0 3F(L=3,S=1)--21种 31,0,0, (L=2,S=0)-5种 21,0.0,-1P(L=1,S=1)-4种 1,0,0,11S(L=0,S=0)-1种 0 ,0,0, 0 1 1.0.0.-1 01,0,0,-1也可用下式求其做观数: 12 11,0,0,-1 n(n 10×9 11,0,0, =45 l11 345 2 2×1 2 1.0.0.-1 31,0,0,7 例:d 2组态自由离子的光谱项 1G (L=4, S=0)----9种 3F (L=3, S=1)----21种 1D (L=2, S=0)----5种 1P (L=1, S=1)----4种 1S (L=0, S=0)---- 1种 也可用下式求其微观数: 45 2 1 10 9 2! ( 1) = = n n − 共45种微观态 编 号 ML=m1 Ms=ms m1 2 1 0 -1 -2 1 4 0 2 2 0 3 0 0 4 -2 0 5 -4 0 6 3 1, 0, 0, -1 7 2 1, 0, 0, -1 8 1 1, 0, 0, -1 9 0 1, 0, 0, -1 10 1 1, 0, 0, -1 11 0 1, 0, 0, -1 12 -1 1, 0, 0, -1 13 -1 1, 0, 0, -1 14 -2 1, 0, 0, -1 15 -3 1, 0, 0, -1 (2L+1)(2S+1) 7