分子植物育种,2017年,第15卷,第4期,第1445-1454页 M olecular P lntB reeding, 2017, Vol15, No4, 1445-1454 评述与展望 Review and progress 作物基因聚合育种的研究进展 鲁秀梅张宁陈劲枫*钱春桃* 南京农业大学园艺学院,作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京,210095 *通讯作者, chuntao n au. edu.cn; cheng n iu. edu.cn 摘要聚合多个有效基因,不仅可以提高作物的抗性,而且可以提高作物的产量和营养品质。尤其是在抗 病方面,单基因长时间反复利用容易丧失其抗病性,多基因聚合有利于拓宽抗谱,提高作物的抗性。此外,基 因聚合育种与常规育种方法相结合已经成为今后育种主要方法。本研究介绍了作物基因聚合育种的主要方法、 聚合基因的互作以及聚合基因在育种上的应用,对目前作物聚合育种存在的不足进行了分析,并对未来的聚 合育种目标进行了展望,以期推动作物聚合育种的研究。基因聚合育种主要集中应用在大田作物上,在园艺 作物上的研究应用较少,因此,需要加强对基因聚合育种的了解,促进基因聚合育种在园艺作物上的研究。 关键词作物,聚合育种,抗病,基因互作 The r esearch progress in C rops pyram iding b reed ing Lu X im ei Zhang n ing Chen Jinfeng Q ian Chun tao Sate Key Laboratory ofC rop g enetics and G em plasm Enhancem ent, College ofH orticulture, N an jing A griculturalU niversity, N an jing, 210095 Correspond ing au thors, chun taoge n Bu. edu. cn: icheng n au.edu.cn D0I10.13271/jmpb.015001445 Abstract Pyram id ing m ultip le effective genes can im prove not on ly the resistance of p lan ts, but also the yield nd nutritional quality of p lants. e specially in the field of disease resistance, it is easy to lose the disease resistance of p lants by repeated ly using the single gene for a long tim e. On the contrary, pyram id ing m ultip le genes is beneficial to broaden ing the resistance spectrum and in prov ing the resistance of plants. Furtherm ore, the com bination of pyram iding breed ing and conven tional breed ing m ethods has becom e the m ain m ethod for breeding in the future. In this research, the prim ary m ethods of pyram id ing breeding, in teraction betw een pyram id ing genes and app lication of pyram id ing gene in breeding w ere review ed. d eficiency about present p lant pyram iding breed ing have also been analyzed in this paper. In addition, the aim s of pyram id ing breed ing in the future w ere discussed, in order to contribute to the research on the pyram iding breeding. Pyram iding breeding is m ain ly app lied to field crops, buton ly a few ofhorticu lturalp lants are invo lved in pyram iding breeding. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen understanding of pyram iding breed ing, so as to prom ote the research on the pyram id ing breed ing of horticu ltural p lan ts Keywords P lant, Pyram iding breed ing, D isease resistance, G ene interaction 自然界中许多作物的抗性、品质和产量性状都活水平的提高,对作物品质的关注度也逐渐增加,粮 是由多个基因共同控制的。在多个基因共同作用下,食作物类和水果蔬菜既要求高产,又要求高质同时 多种蛋白质或酶得以表达,从而决定生物的表型。育还要兼具抗病,然而往往高产的作物品质都不是很 种家通过回交、远缘杂交、物理化学诱变等手段培育高,而品质高的作物又容易感病,病虫害必然会影响 出优质高产并且兼具多种抗性的品种。随着人们生作物的品质和产量,严重时甚至会导致绝产 hang et 基金项目:本研究由国家自然科学基金新疆联合基金项目01178307)资助 3I Rs: Lu X.M., Zhang N, Chen J F, and Q ian C T, 2017, The research progress in crops pyram id ing breeding, Fenzi Zhiwu Y uzhong M olecu lar Plant B needing),15④):1445-1454鲁秀梅,张宁,陈劲枫,钱春桃,2017,作物基因聚合育种的研究进展,分子 植物育种,154):1445-454) 21994-2017ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp:/www.cnki.net分子植物育种，2017 年，第 15 卷，第 4 期，第 1445-1454 页 Molecular Plant Breeding, 2017, Vol.15, No.4, 1445-1454 评述与展望 Review and Progress 作物基因聚合育种的研究进展 鲁秀梅 张宁 陈劲枫 * 钱春桃 * 南京农业大学园艺学院, 作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室, 南京, 210095 * 通讯作者, chuntaoq@njau.edu.cn; jfchen@njau.edu.cn 摘 要 聚合多个有效基因，不仅可以提高作物的抗性，而且可以提高作物的产量和营养品质。尤其是在抗 病方面，单基因长时间反复利用容易丧失其抗病性，多基因聚合有利于拓宽抗谱，提高作物的抗性。此外，基 因聚合育种与常规育种方法相结合已经成为今后育种主要方法。本研究介绍了作物基因聚合育种的主要方法、 聚合基因的互作以及聚合基因在育种上的应用，对目前作物聚合育种存在的不足进行了分析，并对未来的聚 合育种目标进行了展望，以期推动作物聚合育种的研究。基因聚合育种主要集中应用在大田作物上，在园艺 作物上的研究应用较少，因此，需要加强对基因聚合育种的了解，促进基因聚合育种在园艺作物上的研究。 关键词 作物, 聚合育种, 抗病, 基因互作 The Research Progress in Crops Pyramiding Breeding Lu Xiumei Zhang Ning Chen Jinfeng * Qian Chuntao * Sate Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 * Corresponding authors, chuntaoq@njau.edu.cn; jfchen@njau.edu.cn DOI: 10.13271/j.mpb.015.001445 Abstract Pyramiding multiple effective genes can improve not only the resistance of plants, but also the yield and nutritional quality of plants. Especially in the field of disease resistance, it is easy to lose the disease resistance of plants by repeatedly using the single gene for a long time. On the contrary, pyramiding multiple genes is beneficial to broadening the resistance spectrum and improving the resistance of plants. Furthermore, the combination of pyramiding breeding and conventional breeding methods has become the main method for breeding in the future. In this research, the primary methods of pyramiding breeding, interaction between pyramiding genes and application of pyramiding gene in breeding were reviewed. Deficiency about present plant pyramiding breeding have also been analyzed in this paper. In addition, the aims of pyramiding breeding in the future were discussed, in order to contribute to the research on the pyramiding breeding. Pyramiding breeding is mainly applied to field crops, but only a few of horticultural plants are involved in pyramiding breeding. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen understanding of pyramiding breeding, so as to promote the research on the pyramiding breeding of horticultural plants. Keywords Plant, Pyramiding breeding, Disease-resistance, Gene interaction 基金项目：本研究由国家自然科学基金新疆联合基金项目(U1178307)资助 引用格式：Lu X.M., Zhang N., Chen J.F., and Qian C.T., 2017, The research progress in crops pyramiding breeding, Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong (Molecular Plant Breeding), 15(4): 1445-1454 (鲁秀梅, 张宁, 陈劲枫, 钱春桃, 2017, 作物基因聚合育种的研究进展, 分子 植物育种, 15(4): 1445-1454) 自然界中许多作物的抗性、品质和产量性状都 是由多个基因共同控制的。在多个基因共同作用下， 多种蛋白质或酶得以表达，从而决定生物的表型。育 种家通过回交、远缘杂交、物理化学诱变等手段培育 出优质高产并且兼具多种抗性的品种。随着人们生 活水平的提高，对作物品质的关注度也逐渐增加，粮 食作物类和水果蔬菜既要求高产，又要求高质同时 还要兼具抗病，然而往往高产的作物品质都不是很 高，而品质高的作物又容易感病，病虫害必然会影响 作物的品质和产量，严重时甚至会导致绝产(Zhang et