2000年7月 当代中国史研究 Jd.,2000 第7卷第4期 Contemporary China History Studies Vol.7 No.4 中苏在援越抗美问题上的 冲突与矛盾 (19651972)(上) 李丹慧 (当代中国研究所，北京100009) [关键词]抗美援越；中国；苏联；越南；矛盾冲突 [摘要]1965H972年越战期间，苏联为向东南亚地区渗透，调整其对越政策，加 强援越力度，苏越关系趋向密切。而此时中苏关系逐渐由敌对走向对抗，中苏关系恶化， 这在很大程度上影响毛泽东对于内忧外患问题的思考，并进而影响了以此为基础的中国对 外战略调整。事实上，中苏两国在援越问题上不可能携手共同行动，而且还有争夺越南的 利害冲突的成分，这使得中苏在同时援越的过程中产生冲突和矛盾，特别是越南在其抗美 救国的战争中力争得到中苏双方的最大援助，使得这种纠葛更加突出起来。本文着重论说 对越物质援助中的中苏之间的矛盾与冲突，并对其发生背景、发展变化作了一个历史考察。 [中图分类号]D81[文献标识码]A[文章编号]10054952(2000)04-004414 The Sino Soviet Cashes and Conflicts over the 'Aid Vietnam Resist America'Issue (1965-1972)(Part 1) LI Damhui (Contemporary China Institute.Beijing 100009.China) Key words:Aid Vietnam Resist America;China;Soviet Union;Vietnam;clashes and conflicts Abstract:During the 1965-72 period of the Vietnam War,the Soviet Union infiltrated Southeast Asia and adjusted its policies towards Vietnam,enhancing its aid for Vietnam so that Soviet-Vietnam relations grew closer.During this same period Sino-Soviet relations shifted from hostility towards confrontation.The deteri- oration of Sino-Soviet relations to a large degree influenced Mao Zedong's ponderings about domestic and ex- ternal perils,and in turn this shaped a readjustment in China's external strategy.It was in fact impossible for China and the Soviet Union to work hand-imhand to assist Vietnam,and there were clashes of interest over winning over Vietnam.This led to clashes and conflicts between China and the Soviet Union in the course of assisting Vietnam,especially with Vietnam seeking to maximize its aid from both of them.This pa- per examines the background and development of Sino-Soviet clashes and conflict over material assistance to [收稿日期]2000-04.12 [作者简介】李丹慧(1954→，女，籍贯陕西神木，当代中国研究所副研究员。 ·44· 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.net© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. http://www.cnki.net [收稿日期] 2000 - 04 - 12 [作者简介] 李丹慧 (1954 —) , 女 , 籍贯陕西神木 , 当代中国研究所副研究员。 中苏在援越抗美问题上的 冲突与矛盾 (1965 —1972) (上) 李 丹 慧 (当代中国研究所 , 北京 100009) [关键词] 抗美援越 ; 中国 ; 苏联 ; 越南 ; 矛盾冲突 [摘 要] 1965 —1972 年越战期间 , 苏联为向东南亚地区渗透 , 调整其对越政策 , 加 强援越力度 , 苏越关系趋向密切。而此时中苏关系逐渐由敌对走向对抗 , 中苏关系恶化 , 这在很大程度上影响毛泽东对于内忧外患问题的思考 , 并进而影响了以此为基础的中国对 外战略调整。事实上 , 中苏两国在援越问题上不可能携手共同行动 , 而且还有争夺越南的 利害冲突的成分 , 这使得中苏在同时援越的过程中产生冲突和矛盾 , 特别是越南在其抗美 救国的战争中力争得到中苏双方的最大援助 , 使得这种纠葛更加突出起来。本文着重论说 对越物质援助中的中苏之间的矛盾与冲突 , 并对其发生背景、发展变化作了一个历史考察。 [中图分类号] D81 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 100524952 (2000) 0420044214 The Sino2Soviet Clashes and Conflicts over the‘Aid Vietnam Resist America’Issue ( 1965 —1972) ( Part 1) L I Dan2hui ( Contemporary China Institute , Beijing 100009 , China) Key words : Aid Vietnam Resist America ; China ; Soviet Union ; Vietnam ; clashes and conflicts Abstract : During the 1965 —72 period of the Vietnam War , the Soviet Union infiltrated Southeast Asia and adjusted its policies towards Vietnam , enhancing its aid for Vietnam so that Soviet2Vietnam relations grew closer. During this same period Sino2Soviet relations shifted from hostility towards confrontation. The deteri2 oration of Sino2Soviet relations to a large degree influenced Mao Zedong’s ponderings about domestic and ex2 ternal perils , and in turn this shaped a readjustment in China’s external strategy. It was in fact impossible for China and the Soviet Union to work hand2in2hand to assist Vietnam , and there were clashes of interest over winning over Vietnam. This led to clashes and conflicts between China and the Soviet Union in the course of assisting Vietnam , especially with Vietnam seeking to maximize its aid from both of them. This pa2 per examines the background and development of Sino2Soviet clashes and conflict over material assistance to ·44 · 2000 年 7 月 第 7 卷 第 4 期 当代中国史研究 Contemporary China History Studies J ul. , 2000 Vol. 7 No. 4