吴新智等:中国直立人变异的初步研究 8 Weidenreich F. The Dentition of Sinanthropus pekinensis: A comparative odbntography of the hominids. Paleontologia Sinica New Senes d. 1937. No. 1:1-180 9 Weidenreich F. The skull of Sinanthropus pekinensis: A comparative study on a primitive hominid skull. Paleantalogia Sinica New senes d,1943,N.10:1~298 康,贾兰坡.周口店新发现的中国猿人化石.古生物学报,19542(3):267~288 吴汝康,赵资奎.周口店新发现的中国猿人下颌骨.古脊椎动物与古人类,1959,1(4):155-158 12邱中郎,顾玉珉,张银运等.周口店新发现的北京猿人化石及文化遗物.古脊椎动物与古人类,1973,1(2):109~ 13吴汝康,董兴仁.安徽和县猿人化石的初步研究.人类学学报,1982,1(1):2~13 14吴茂霖.1981年发现的安徽和县猿人化石.人类学学报,19832(2):109~1 15吕遵谔,黄蕴平李平生等山东沂源猿人化石、人类学学报199831-313 16吴汝康.陕西蓝田发现的猿人下颌骨化石.古脊椎动物与古人类,1964,8(1):1~17 17吴汝康.陕西蓝田发现的猿人头骨化石.古脊椎动物与古人类,1966,10(1):1~22 18李天元,王正华,李文森等.湖北郧县曲远河口人类颅骨的形态特征及其在人类演化中的位置.人类学学报 1994,13(2):104~116 19胡承志.云南元谋发现的猿人牙齿化石.地质学报,1973,(1):65~71 20吴汝康,董兴仁.湖北郧县猿人牙齿化石.古脊椎动物与古人类,1980,18(2):142~149 21吴汝康,吴新智.河南淅川人类牙齿化石.古脊椎动物与古人类,1982,20(1):1~9 22 ZhaoJX, Hu K, Collerson K D et al. Thermal ionization mass spectrometry Useries dating of a mmind site near Nanjing hina. Golog,2001,29(1):27~30 23 Wu Xinzhi, Brauer G Mbrpbblogical comparison of Archaic Homo sapiens crania fiom China and Africa. Zeitschrift /ur Morphologie und Anthropologie, 1993, 79(3): 241-259 PREL IMINARY STUDY ON THE VARIATIONS OF HOMO ERECTUS IN CHINA Shang hong (Institite d Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleaant hropologv, Chinese Academy d Sciences, Beijing 100044) Abstract Until present there are many fossils belonging to Homo erectus found in China. The orth limit of the distribution is39°41′N(ZK); south limit,25°45′N( Yuanmou);east,ll8°09E (Yiyuan); west, 10155 E( Yuanou). ZKD, Tangshan, Hexian, Chenjiawo, Yiyuan, Nanzhao Yunxi and luonan belong to middle Pleistocene; Yuanmu, Gongwangling, Quyuan River Mouth Meipu and Jianshi, to Early Pleistocene Among the important Middle Pleistocene sites Tangshan and Hexian are in the south part of China, ZKD and Chenjiawo in the mrth. ZKD and Hexian have yielded skulls and mandibles Tangshan, only skulls, Chenjiawo only a mandible. Skulls of ZKD are different from that of Hexian n having lower cranial index, higher curvature of the frontal bone, mre postorbital constriction less curved superior orbital margin, presence of the supraorbital process, lower pyramids of temporal bone, parietal bone shorter than the frontal bone, coonal contour viewed fom behind burrlike instead of quadrangular in shape etc. Tangshan skulls are closer to those from ZKd than to that of 201994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnl8 Weidenreich F. The Dentition of Sinanthropus pekinensis : A comparative odontography of the hominids. Paleontologia Sinica , New Series D ,1937 , No. 1 : 1～180 9 Weidenreich F. The skull of Sinanthropus pekinensis : A comparative study on a primitive hominid skull. Paleontologia Sinica , New Series D , 1943 , No. 10 :1～298 10 吴汝康 ,贾兰坡. 周口店新发现的中国猿人化石. 古生物学报 ,1954 ,2 (3) :267～288 11 吴汝康 ,赵资奎. 周口店新发现的中国猿人下颌骨. 古脊椎动物与古人类 ,1959 ,1(4) :155～158 12 邱中郎 ,顾玉珉 ,张银运等. 周口店新发现的北京猿人化石及文化遗物. 古脊椎动物与古人类 ,1973 , 11 (2) :109～ 131 13 吴汝康 , 董兴仁. 安徽和县猿人化石的初步研究. 人类学学报 ,1982 ,1 (1) :2～13 14 吴茂霖. 1981 年发现的安徽和县猿人化石. 人类学学报 ,1983 ,2(2) :109～115 15 吕遵谔 , 黄蕴平 ,李平生等. 山东沂源猿人化石. 人类学学报 ,1989 ,8 (4) :301～313 16 吴汝康. 陕西蓝田发现的猿人下颌骨化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类 ,1964 , 8(1) :1～17 17 吴汝康. 陕西蓝田发现的猿人头骨化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类 ,1966 , 10(1) :1～22 18 李天元 ,王正华 ,李文森等. 湖北郧县曲远河口人类颅骨的形态特征及其在人类演化中的位置. 人类学学报 , 1994 , 13(2) :104～116 19 胡承志. 云南元谋发现的猿人牙齿化石. 地质学报 ,1973 ,(1) :65～71 20 吴汝康 ,董兴仁. 湖北郧县猿人牙齿化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类 ,1980 , 18(2) :142～149 21 吴汝康 ,吴新智. 河南淅川的人类牙齿化石. 古脊椎动物与古人类 ,1982 , 20 (1) :1～9 22 Zhao J X , Hu K, Collerson K D et al. Thermal ionization mass spectrometry U2series dating of a hominid site near Nanjing China. Geology , 2001 ,29 (1) :27～30 23 Wu Xinzhi , Br¾uer G. Morphological comparison of Archaic Homo sapiens crania from China and Africa. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie , 1993 ,79(3) :241～259 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE VARIATIONS OF HOMO ERECTUS IN CHINA Wu Xinzhi Shang Hong ( Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100044) Abstract Until present there are many fossils belonging to Homo erectus found in China. The north limit of the distribution is 39°41′N ( ZKD) ; south limit , 25°45′N ( Yuanmou) ; east , 118°09′E ( Yiyuan) ; west , 101°55′E ( Yuanmou) . ZKD , Tangshan , Hexian , Chenjiawo , Yiyuan , Nanzhao , Yunxi and Luonan belong to Middle Pleistocene ; Yuanmou , Gongwangling , Quyuan River Mouth , Meipu and Jianshi , to Early Pleistocene. Among the important Middle Pleistocene sites Tangshan and Hexian are in the south part of China , ZKD and Chenjiawo in the north. ZKD and Hexian have yielded skulls and mandibles , Tangshan , only skulls , Chenjiawo only a mandible. Skulls of ZKD are different from that of Hexian in having lower cranial index , higher curvature of the frontal bone , more post2orbital constriction , less curved superior orbital margin , presence of the supraorbital process , lower pyramids of temporal bone , parietal bone shorter than the frontal bone , coronal contour viewed from behind bun2like instead of quadrangular in shape etc. Tangshan skulls are closer to those from ZKD than to that of 1 期 吴新智等 :中国直立人变异的初步研究 72