participant in a"" one(e.g. this made God sad /God was sad). TRANSITIVITY represented as system network(see Fig. 5-3 on page 173) Clauses of different types makes distinctive contributions to the construal of experience in text In making these varied contributions to discourse, the different process types have evolved distinctive proper 5.1.3 Process, participants and circumstances A figure consists, in principle, of three components I)a process unfolding through time 2)the participants involved in the process 3)circumstances associated with the process These are organized in configurations that provide the models of schemata for construing our experience of what goes on Circumstantial elements are almost always optional augmentations of the clause rather obligatory components In contrast, participants are inherent in the process: every experiential type of clause has at least one partic ipant and certain types have up to three participants-the only exception being clauses of certain meteorological processes, such as it's raining, it's snow ing, it s hailing(but not all; for example, we say the wind 's blow ing rather than it s winding) In the configuration of process participants circumstances, the process is the most central element; participants are close to the center and are directly involved in the process, bringing about its occurrence or being affected by it in some way The configuration of process participants constitutes the experiential center of the clause Circumstantial elements augment this center in some way -temporally, spatially causally and so on; but their status in the configuration is more peripheral and unlike participants they are not directly involved in the process Table 5-2 Typical experiential functions of group and phrase classes page 176 This model of clause is represented diagrammatically in Figure 5-4 on Type of element ypically realized by ( process verbal group (un) participant nominal group (ii)circumstance adverbial group or prepositional phrase The units that realize the process, participant and circumstance elements of the lause made distinct contributions to the modeling of a quantum of change The elements that make up the center of the clause the process and the participants involved in it -construe complementary facets of the change These two facets are transience and performance Transience is the experience of unfolding through time, it is construed by a verbal the Performance is the experience of lasting through time and being located in (concrete or abstract)space; it is construed by nominal groups serving as participants3 participant in a “relational” one (e.g. this made God sad / God was sad).\ TRANSITIVITY represented as system network (see Fig. 5-3 on page 173). Clauses of different types makes distinctive contributions to the construal of experience in text. In making these varied contributions to discourse, the different process types have evolved distinctive properties. 5.1.3 Process, participants and circumstances A figure consists, in principle, of three components: 1) a process unfolding through time 2) the participants involved in the process 3) circumstances associated with the process These are organized in configurations that provide the models of schemata for construing our experience of what goes on. Circumstantial elements are almost always optional augmentations of the clause rather obligatory components. In contrast, participants are inherent in the process: every experiential type of clause has at least one participant and certain types have up to three participants – the only exception being clauses of certain meteorological processes, such as it’s raining, it’s snowing, it’s hailing (but not all; for example, we say the wind’s blowing rather than it’s winding). In the configuration of process + participants + circumstances, the process is the most central element; participants are close to the center and are directly involved in the process, bringing about its occurrence or being affected by it in some way. The configuration of process + participants constitutes the experiential center of the clause. Circumstantial elements augment this center in some way – temporally, spatially, causally and so on; but their status in the configuration is more peripheral and unlike participants they are not directly involved in the process. This model of clause is represented diagrammatically in Figure 5-4 on page 176. Table 5-2 Typical experiential functions of group and phrase classes The units that realize the process, participant and circumstance elements of the clause made distinct contributions to the modeling of a quantum of change. The elements that make up the center of the clause – the process and the participants involved in it – construe complementary facets of the change. These two facets are transience and performance. Transience is the experience of unfolding through time; it is construed by a verbal group serving as the process. Performance is the experience of lasting through time and being located in (concrete or abstract) space; it is construed by nominal groups serving as participants. Type of element typically realized by (i) process verbal group (ii) participant nominal group (iii) circumstance adverbial group or prepositional phrase