vi Contents 7 Planning the product development program nme 2.8 References 3 The product development process 3.1 Product strategy 96 3.2 Product design and process development l11 3.3 Product commercialisation l18 3.4 Product launch and evaluation 123 3.5 in product development 3.6 Where is the product development process going? 144 3.7 References 146 4 The knowledge base for product development 4. 1 Technology, knowledge and the food system 150 4.2 Knowledge management or knowledge navigation 4.3 Necessary knowledge for product development 4.4 Tacit knowledge in product development 176 owledge in product developme 4.6 References 192 5 The consumer in product development 5. 1 Understanding consumer behaviour 195 5.2 Understanding food choice 5.3 Consumers'avoidance and acceptance of new products 207 5.4 Integrating consumer needs and wants in product development 209 food product developI 219 5.6 Consumers in Stage 1: Product strategy development 5.7 Consumers in Stage 2: Product design and process development 236 5.8 Consumers in Stage 3: Product commercialisation 245 5.9 Consumers in Stage 4: Product launch and evaluation 50 5.10 References 253 Part Ill Managing and improving product development 6 Managing the product development process 1 Principles of product development management 230 6.2 People in product development management 6.3 Designing the pd process 267 6.4 Establishing key decision points and the decision makers 6.5 Establishing outcomes, budgets and constraints 276 6 Organising the PD Process 6.7 Managing the PD Process 6.8 Company organisation for product development 6.9 References 3142.7 Planning the product development programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 2.8 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 3 The product development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 3.1 Product strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 3.2 Product design and process development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 3.3 Product commercialisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 3.4 Product launch and evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 3.5 Service in product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 3.6 Where is the product development process going? . . . . . . . . . . 144 3.7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 4 The knowledge base for product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 4.1 Technology, knowledge and the food system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 4.2 Knowledge management or knowledge navigation? . . . . . . . . . 157 4.3 Necessary knowledge for product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 4.4 Tacit knowledge in product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 4.5 Creating knowledge in product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 4.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 5 The consumer in product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 5.1 Understanding consumer behaviour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 5.2 Understanding food choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 5.3 Consumers’ avoidance and acceptance of new products . . . . . 207 5.4 Integrating consumer needs and wants in product development 209 5.5 Sensory needs and wants in food product development . . . . . . 219 5.6 Consumers in Stage 1: Product strategy development . . . . . . . 223 5.7 Consumers in Stage 2: Product design and process development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 5.8 Consumers in Stage 3: Product commercialisation . . . . . . . . . . . 245 5.9 Consumers in Stage 4: Product launch and evaluation . . . . . . . 250 5.10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 Part III Managing and improving product development ....... 257 6 Managing the product development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 6.1 Principles of product development management . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 6.2 People in product development management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 6.3 Designing the PD Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 6.4 Establishing key decision points and the decision makers . . . 271 6.5 Establishing outcomes, budgets and constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 6.6 Organising the PD Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 6.7 Managing the PD Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 6.8 Company organisation for product development . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 6.9 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 vi Contents