√2+y rdr= xdx+ ydy +zdz tan 0= 3 secede= xdx+ ydy dz可求得九个偏导数进一步可求得 p=y/x ydx or=i, or=j, or=k: or=sin 0 cos i +sin e sin g j +cos 0k=e =rcos 6 cos i +rcos Osin j-rsin bk =re -rsin esin i +rsin 6 cos j=rsinge 由此可见产=r=xi+y+zk= r(sin 0 cos i+ sin esin o j+cosk) e or=sin@ cos i +sin 0 sin j+cos0k r00-cose cos pi +cos e sinpj-sinOk e,|b→b+ e.=e.×e rsin 8 ao -sin I t cos J de 0 sin de 0 s de ae =-sinee -cos Bee=-cospi-sino j dr=xi+jj+:k=(isin 0 cosp +recose cosop-risin 0 sino F +isin 0 sin p+recos0 sino+rp sin@cosq +lcos8-re sin e k 产+日+=+re+ raine·。 )=尼*,=问+r+rmn0 22 2 2 2 2 2 tan tan / r x y z x y z y x = + + + = = 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 sec 1 sec rdr xdx ydy zdz xdx ydy x y d dz z z x y y d dx dy x x = + + + + = − + = − + 可求得九个偏导数,进一步可求得: , , r r r i j k x y z = = = ; sin cos sin sin cos r r i j k e r = + + = , cos cos cos sin sin r r i r j r k re = + − = sin sin sin cos sin r r i r j r e = − + = 由此可见 (sin cos sin sin cos ) r r re xi yj zk r i j k = = + + = + + r r e r = = sin cos sin sin cos i j k + + 1 r e r = = cos cos cos sin sin i j k + − 2 r e e = + 1 sin r e r = = − + sin cos i j r e e e = 0 r er = , r e e = , sin r e e = , 0 r e = , r e e = − , cos e e = , 0 r e = , 0 e = , sin cos r de e e d = − − cos i - sin j = − ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) re r e rsin e dt de re re r dt d re r e rsin e r r r r r rcos r sin k rsin sin r cos sin r sin cos j x i y j z k rsin cos r cos cos - r sin sin i dt dr v r r r r r = = + = + + = + + + + = + − + + + = = + + = +