2.Key and difficult points in Teaching How is material formed,what is small size effect and surface effect 3.Teaching contents 1)How is material formed? This section introduces the various types of chemical bonds.and discusses how the nature of the bonds gives an insight into some crystal structures.The concepts of grain and grain boundary will also be introduced. 2)What is Small Size Effect and surface effect? This section introduces the small size effect and surface effect.When the size of the particles is equal to or smaller than the physical characteristic size such as the wavelength of the light. the Deborah wavelength and the coherence length of the superconductivity,the periodic boundary conditions of the crystal will be destroyed,and the atomic density near the surface layer of the amorphous nanoparticles decreases.This leads to changes in sound,light. electricity,magnetism,heat,mechanics,and other properties that exhibit new physical properties. 3)What is Quantum Size Effect? This section introduces the Quantum Size Effect.Quantum size effects mean that when the particle size drops to a certain value.the energy levels near the Fermi level change from quasi enry gap widens.When the energy level changes more than that of thermal energy,light energy and electromagnetic energy,the magnetic. optical,acoustic,thermal,lctrical and superconducting properties of nanoparticles are significantly different from those of conventional materials 4)What is Tunnel Effect? This section introduces the phenomenon and definition of Tunnel Effect.Quantum tunneling or tunneling refers to the quantum mechanical phenomenon where a partice tunnels through a barrier that it classically could not surmount.It has important applications to modern devices such as the computingand the microscope 4.Teaching Methods Teachers teach,teachers and students discuss,and guide studentsself-earing 5.Teaching Evaluation Corresponding exercises after class,supplementary exercises,thinking questions,etc Chapter 3 Physical Properties of Nanomaterials 1.Course objectivephysical experimental methods related to nano size effect, and can use physical theory to explain or understand physical phenomenon in nanoscale. 2. Key and difficult points in Teaching How is material formed，what is small size effect and surface effect 3. Teaching contents 1）How is material formed? This section introduces the various types of chemical bonds, and discusses how the nature of the bonds gives an insight into some crystal structures. The concepts of grain and grain boundary will also be introduced. 2）What is Small Size Effect and surface effect? This section introduces the small size effect and surface effect. When the size of the particles is equal to or smaller than the physical characteristic size such as the wavelength of the light, the Deborah wavelength and the coherence length of the superconductivity, the periodic boundary conditions of the crystal will be destroyed, and the atomic density near the surface layer of the amorphous nanoparticles decreases. This leads to changes in sound, light, electricity, magnetism, heat, mechanics, and other properties that exhibit new physical properties. 3）What is Quantum Size Effect? This section introduces the Quantum Size Effect. Quantum size effects mean that when the particle size drops to a certain value, the energy levels near the Fermi level change from quasi continuous to discrete energy levels or the energy gap widens. When the energy level changes more than that of thermal energy, light energy and electromagnetic energy, the magnetic, optical, acoustic, thermal, electrical and superconducting properties of nanoparticles are significantly different from those of conventional materials. 4) What is Tunnel Effect? This section introduces the phenomenon and definition of Tunnel Effect. Quantum tunneling or tunneling refers to the quantum mechanical phenomenon where a particle tunnels through a barrier that it classically could not surmount. It has important applications to modern devices such as the tunnel diode, quantum computing, and the scanning tunneling microscope. 4. Teaching Methods Teachers teach, teachers and students discuss, and guide students' self-learning. 5. Teaching Evaluation Corresponding exercises after class, supplementary exercises, thinking questions, etc; Chapter 3 Physical Properties of Nanomaterials 1. Course objective