Important Concepts Important Concepts ring 5.Ether Preparation- Su The i less po ss2rt。 1414 9 Important Concepts 4. Haloalkane Synthesis – Methods using inorganic esters yield primary and secondary haloalkanes with less chance of rearrangement. 5. Ether Preparation – • Williamson ether synthesis – Best when SN2 reactivity is high • Reaction of alcohols with strong non-nucleophilic acids – elimination completes at higher temperatures 6. Crown Ethers and Cryptands – Examples of ionophores which solubilize metal ions in hydrophobic media. 9 Important Concepts 7. Ring Opening of Oxacyclopropanes – • Nucleophilic attack at the less substituted ring carbon • Acid-catalyzed attack favors the more substituted ring carbon 8. Sulfur – • More diffuse orbitals than oxygen • The thiol S-H bond is less polarized than the O-H bond in alcohols (less hydrogen bonding) • Acidity of S-H is greater than O-H