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工程科学学报,第40卷,第6期:649657,2018年6月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.40,No.6:649-657,June 2018 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.06.001:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 微区电化学技术在薄液膜大气腐蚀中的应用 于阳,卢琳四,李晓刚 北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心,北京100083 ☒通信作者,E-mail:lulin315@126.com 摘要薄液膜大气腐蚀的本质是吸附于金属基体表面的水汽形成薄电解质液膜引起的金属腐蚀现象.由于液膜很薄,无法 满足常规的三电极溶液测试体系要求,使得微区电化学技术在该领域得到广泛的应用.本文对比分析了用于薄液膜大气腐蚀 的电化学测试技术,着重介绍了扫描Klvn探针、丝束电极、微液滴电极等测试方法在薄液膜大气腐蚀研究中的应用,并通过 总结测试中涉及的关键参数揭示了薄液膜/液滴尺寸与腐蚀动力学过程的关系.最后提出了微区电化学方法在该领域应用目 前存在的问题以及今后可进一步提升的可能. 关键词大气腐蚀:薄液膜:微区电化学:伏打电位:氧浓差极化:腐蚀微电池 分类号0646.6:TB304 Application of micro-electrochemical technologies in atmospheric corrosion of thin elec- trolyte layer YU Yang,LU Lin,LI Xiao-gang Corrosion and Protection Center,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:lulin315@126.com ABSTRACT The atmospheric corrosion of a metal under a thin electrolyte layer is caused due to the adsorption of the thin electrolyte layer on metal surfaces.As the electrolyte layer is considerably thin,the application of a traditional three-electrode system is considera- bly difficult;therefore,localized electrochemical technologies are of great use in this field.Herein,different localized electrochemical techniques for atmospheric corrosion under a thin liquid film were discussed.In particular,the applications of scanning Kelvin probe microscopy,wire-beam electrodes,and micro-droplet electrodes were introduced and comprehensively explained.In addition,the key parameters of the tests,which show the relation between thin film/droplet size and corrosion kinetics,were summarized.Furthermore, the issues that currently exist in this field and the potential for improvement was proposed in this research. KEY WORDS atmospheric corrosion:thin electrolyte layer:localized electrochemical technology;Volta potential:oxygen concen- tration polarization:corrosion microcell 由于不同地区环境存在差异,大气腐蚀具有不 状态可以分为稳态和非稳态液膜,稳态液膜是连续 同的特征-.一般来说,当空气中的湿度为50%~ 的薄液膜,而非稳态液膜通常是分散的液滴的.薄 70%时,钢铁、铜、镍、锌等金属的腐蚀速度就会急剧 液膜大气腐蚀的本质就是空气中的水汽吸附在金属 增加,这是因为在该条件下金属表面已经形成了完 基体上形成薄电解质液膜,从而促进电化学腐蚀发 整的水膜,使得电化学腐蚀过程可以顺利进行,这种 生、发展.这种腐蚀过程是发生在有金属表面固相、 大气腐蚀为潮大气腐蚀.根据金属表面液膜形成的 电解质薄液膜相和含氧相的三相交界区域,并且随 收稿日期:2017-06-29 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1560104)工程科学学报,第 40 卷,第 6 期: 649--657,2018 年 6 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol. 40,No. 6: 649--657,June 2018 DOI: 10. 13374 /j. issn2095--9389. 2018. 06. 001; http: / /journals. ustb. edu. cn 微区电化学技术在薄液膜大气腐蚀中的应用 于 阳,卢 琳,李晓刚 北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: lulin315@ 126. com 摘 要 薄液膜大气腐蚀的本质是吸附于金属基体表面的水汽形成薄电解质液膜引起的金属腐蚀现象. 由于液膜很薄,无法 满足常规的三电极溶液测试体系要求,使得微区电化学技术在该领域得到广泛的应用. 本文对比分析了用于薄液膜大气腐蚀 的电化学测试技术,着重介绍了扫描 Kelvin 探针、丝束电极、微液滴电极等测试方法在薄液膜大气腐蚀研究中的应用,并通过 总结测试中涉及的关键参数揭示了薄液膜/液滴尺寸与腐蚀动力学过程的关系. 最后提出了微区电化学方法在该领域应用目 前存在的问题以及今后可进一步提升的可能. 关键词 大气腐蚀; 薄液膜; 微区电化学; 伏打电位; 氧浓差极化; 腐蚀微电池 分类号 O646. 6; TB304 收稿日期: 2017--06--29 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( U1560104) Application of micro-electrochemical technologies in atmospheric corrosion of thin elec￾trolyte layer YU Yang,LU Lin ,LI Xiao-gang Corrosion and Protection Center,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: lulin315@ 126. com ABSTRACT The atmospheric corrosion of a metal under a thin electrolyte layer is caused due to the adsorption of the thin electrolyte layer on metal surfaces. As the electrolyte layer is considerably thin,the application of a traditional three-electrode system is considera￾bly difficult; therefore,localized electrochemical technologies are of great use in this field. Herein,different localized electrochemical techniques for atmospheric corrosion under a thin liquid film were discussed. In particular,the applications of scanning Kelvin probe microscopy,wire-beam electrodes,and micro-droplet electrodes were introduced and comprehensively explained. In addition,the key parameters of the tests,which show the relation between thin film/ droplet size and corrosion kinetics,were summarized. Furthermore, the issues that currently exist in this field and the potential for improvement was proposed in this research. KEY WORDS atmospheric corrosion; thin electrolyte layer; localized electrochemical technology; Volta potential; oxygen concen￾tration polarization; corrosion microcell 由于不同地区环境存在差异,大气腐蚀具有不 同的特征[1--4]. 一般来说,当空气中的湿度为 50% ~ 70% 时,钢铁、铜、镍、锌等金属的腐蚀速度就会急剧 增加,这是因为在该条件下金属表面已经形成了完 整的水膜,使得电化学腐蚀过程可以顺利进行,这种 大气腐蚀为潮大气腐蚀. 根据金属表面液膜形成的 状态可以分为稳态和非稳态液膜,稳态液膜是连续 的薄液膜,而非稳态液膜通常是分散的液滴[5]. 薄 液膜大气腐蚀的本质就是空气中的水汽吸附在金属 基体上形成薄电解质液膜,从而促进电化学腐蚀发 生、发展. 这种腐蚀过程是发生在有金属表面固相、 电解质薄液膜相和含氧相的三相交界区域,并且随
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