Background information Luca Cavalli-Sforza: Cavalli-Sforza. born in Genoa, Italy, was educated at the University of Pavia where he gained his MD in 1944. After working on bacterial genetics at Cambridge(1948-1950) and Milan(1950-1957) he has held chairs in genetics at Parma(1958-1962)and pavia (1962-1970). In 1970 he was appointed professor of genetics at the University of Stanford, California, a position he held until his retirement in 1992Background information • Luca Cavalli-Sforza: Cavalli-Sforza, born in Genoa, Italy, was educated at the University of Pavia where he gained his MD in 1944. After working on bacterial genetics at Cambridge (1948－1950) and Milan (1950－1957) he has held chairs in genetics at Parma (1958－1962) and Pavia (1962－1970). In 1970 he was appointed professor of genetics at the University of Stanford, California, a position he held until his retirement in 1992