工程科学学报，第39卷，第11期：1684一1691,2017年11月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.39,No.11:1684-1691,November 2017 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.11.011:http://journals..ustb.edu.cn 含锡C-Mn钢中锡的析出相 孙桂林2)四，宋波2》 1)安徽工业大学治金工程学院，马鞍山2430022)北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，Emai:ustbsglo@163.com 摘要利用扫描电镜/能谱仪和透射电镜表征了残余元素S加在C-Mn钢中的存在形式，同时考察了热处理温度对含S析 出相类型的影响.结果表明：Fe5%Sn中Sn以第二相形式在晶界与晶内析出：Fe一1.5%Sn0.2%S中Sn以第二相形式在直 径2-4μm的球形MS夹杂物上异质析出.透射电镜分析和热处理实验结果表明：在Fe5%Sn及Fe-1.5%Sn0.2%S中 Mns夹杂上析出的含Sn第二相结构为四方晶系的FeSn2相. 关键词锡：硫化锰：析出相：异质形核：形貌 分类号TG142.1 Identification of Sn precipitates in C-Mn steel containing Sn SUN Gui-in'2》,SONG Boi2 1)School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243002,China 2)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Seience and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:ustbsgl@163.com ABSTRACT In most steels,tin (Sn)is a tramp element due to its hot shortness at grain boundaries and the surface,although Sn also has a vital influence on free-cutting steel,electrical sheets,cast iron,and stainless steel.If the problem of hot shortness is solved,scrap recycling will become much easier and Sn can even be used as an important alloying element.As such,it is most impor- tant to investigate the forms of Sn precipitation in C-Mn steels at high temperatures.In this study,Fe-5%Sn and Fe-1.5%Sn-0.2% S steels were investigated to clarify the types of Sn precipitates.The morphology,size,and structure of Sn precipitates were character- ized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The influence of heat treatment temperature on the type of Sn precipitates was also investigated.The results show that Sn-riched particles precipitate at grain boundaries and in grains in Fe-5%Sn steels,whereas in Fe-1.5%Sn-0.2%S steels,heterogeneous Sn particles precipitate in the size of spherical MnS inclusions with diameters ranging between 2-4 pm.The transmission electron microscopy analysis and heat treatment experimental results show a FeSn2 structure with a tetragonal system for Sn precipitates in Fe-5%Sn and Fe1.5%Sn-0.2% S steels. KEY WORDS tin;manganese sulfide:precipitate;heterogeneous precipitation:morphology 随着铁矿资源的逐渐匮乏，低品位铁矿以及废钢的残余元素含量较高.在炼钢过程中，这些残余元素 的使用量增加，导致钢中Cu、Sn等残余有害元素含量 易于在晶界偏聚，对钢的高温热塑性、热加工性、回火 大幅升高，钢中残余元素的循环富集问题一直是困扰 脆性和低温冲击性等产生不良影响 各国治金工作者的难题.钢中Cu、Sn等元素因氧化势 目前，生产中解决钢中残余元素超标的方法主要 比Fe小，难以在常规炼钢工艺中有效脱除而导致钢中 为添加优质铁水稀释法6-。但随着优质铁矿石资源 收稿日期：201704-13工程科学学报，第 39 卷，第 11 期: 1684--1691，2017 年 11 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 39，No． 11: 1684--1691，November 2017 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2017． 11． 011; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 含锡 C--Mn 钢中锡的析出相 孙桂林1，2) ，宋 波2) 1) 安徽工业大学冶金工程学院，马鞍山 243002 2) 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: ustbsgl@ 163． com 摘 要 利用扫描电镜/能谱仪和透射电镜表征了残余元素 Sn 在 C--Mn 钢中的存在形式，同时考察了热处理温度对含 Sn 析 出相类型的影响． 结果表明: Fe--5% Sn 中 Sn 以第二相形式在晶界与晶内析出; Fe--1. 5% Sn--0. 2% S 中 Sn 以第二相形式在直 径 2 ～ 4 μm 的球形 MnS 夹杂物上异质析出． 透射电镜分析和热处理实验结果表明: 在 Fe--5% Sn 及 Fe--1. 5% Sn--0. 2% S 中 MnS 夹杂上析出的含 Sn 第二相结构为四方晶系的 FeSn2相． 关键词 锡; 硫化锰; 析出相; 异质形核; 形貌 分类号 TG142. 1 收稿日期: 2017--04--13 Identification of Sn precipitates in C-Mn steel containing Sn SUN Gui-lin1，2)  ，SONG Bo2) 1) School of Metallurgical Engineering，Anhui University of Technology，Ma'anshan 243002，China 2) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: ustbsgl@ 163． com ABSTＲACT In most steels，tin ( Sn) is a tramp element due to its hot shortness at grain boundaries and the surface，although Sn also has a vital influence on free-cutting steel，electrical sheets，cast iron，and stainless steel． If the problem of hot shortness is solved，scrap recycling will become much easier and Sn can even be used as an important alloying element． As such，it is most impor￾tant to investigate the forms of Sn precipitation in C--Mn steels at high temperatures． In this study，Fe--5% Sn and Fe--1. 5% Sn--0. 2% S steels were investigated to clarify the types of Sn precipitates． The morphology，size，and structure of Sn precipitates were character￾ized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy． The influence of heat treatment temperature on the type of Sn precipitates was also investigated． The results show that Sn-riched particles precipitate at grain boundaries and in grains in Fe--5% Sn steels，whereas in Fe--1. 5% Sn--0. 2% S steels，heterogeneous Sn particles precipitate in the size of spherical MnS inclusions with diameters ranging between 2 － 4 μm． The transmission electron microscopy analysis and heat treatment experimental results show a FeSn2 structure with a tetragonal system for Sn precipitates in Fe--5% Sn and Fe--1. 5% Sn--0. 2% S steels． KEY WOＲDS tin; manganese sulfide; precipitate; heterogeneous precipitation; morphology 随着铁矿资源的逐渐匮乏，低品位铁矿以及废钢 的使用量增加，导致钢中 Cu、Sn 等残余有害元素含量 大幅升高，钢中残余元素的循环富集问题一直是困扰 各国冶金工作者的难题． 钢中 Cu、Sn 等元素因氧化势 比 Fe 小，难以在常规炼钢工艺中有效脱除而导致钢中 的残余元素含量较高． 在炼钢过程中，这些残余元素 易于在晶界偏聚，对钢的高温热塑性、热加工性、回火 脆性和低温冲击性等产生不良影响［1--5］． 目前，生产中解决钢中残余元素超标的方法主要 为添加优质铁水稀释法［6--7］． 但随着优质铁矿石资源