D0L:10.13374/.issn1001-053x.2013.08.005 第35卷第8期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.35 No.8 2013年8月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Aug.2013 Fe对Ni-Mn-Ga形状记忆合金相变和力学性能的 影响 辛燕)风，柴亮2) 1)华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院，北京1022062)特种功能材料与薄膜技术北京市重点实验室，北京100191 ☒通信作者，E-mail:xinyane@ncepu.edu.cn 摘要研究了Fe含量对Ni56Mn25-xFerGa19(x=0~l0)合金的微观组织结构、相变行为、力学性能和记忆特性的影 响规律.当x≤4时，Nis6Mn25-zFerGa19合金仍然保持着单一的四方结构马氏体相：当x≥6时，合金呈现为马氏体相 和面心立方Y相组成的双相结构.相对于马氏体相，Y相为富Ni和富Fe相，其含量随e含量的增加而增加.随着Fe 含量增加，合金的马氏体相变温度逐渐降低，其峰值温度从x=0时的356℃降低至x=10时的170℃，这主要归因于 马氏体相尺寸因素和电子浓度的综合作用.通过添加F替代M在合金中引入的Y相可提高合金的强度和塑性，但最 大形状记忆回复应变从x=0时的5.0%降低到x=6时的2.0%. 关键词形状记忆合金：形状记忆效应：马氏体相变：力学性能：微观组织：铁 分类号TG139+.6 Effect of Fe addition on the martensitic transformation behavior and mechanical properties of Ni-Mn-Ga shape memory alloys XIN Yan)☒，CHAI Liang2) 1)School of Energy,Power and Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China 2)Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Thin Film Technology,Beijing 100191,China Corresponding author,E-mail:xinyan@ncepu.edu.cn ABSTRACT The microstructure,martensitic transformation behavior,mechanical properties and shape memory characteristics of Nise Mn25-rFeGa1g (r=0-10)shape memory alloys were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,and compression testing.A single phase of martensite with tetragonal structure is observed in the alloys with x $4,but dual phases with martensite and face-centered cubic y phase are present when >6.Compared with martensite phase,y phase is rich in Ni and Fe,and its volume fraction increases with increasing Fe content.The martensitic transformation peak temperature decreases from 356 C for z=0 to 170 'C for x=10,which is attributed to the comprehensive effect of the tetragonality and electron concentration of martensite.The introduction ofy phase by substituting Fe for Mn can greatly improve the strength and plasticity of the alloys.However,the shape memory strain drops from 5.0%for x=0 to 2.0% for x=6. KEY WORDS shape memory alloys;shape memory effect;martensitic transformations;mechanical properties;mi- crostructure;iron 形状记忆合金以其特有的形状记忆效应和超目前，已开发较成熟的Ni-Ti、Cu-Zm-A1及Fe基形 弹性，成为一种集感知与驱动为一体的智能材料. 状记忆合金的马氏体相变温度均不高(<120℃)，但 收稿日期：2012-12-26 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51101057)：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(12MS10)第 35 卷 第 8 期 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Vol. 35 No. 8 2013 年 8 月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Aug. 2013 Fe 对 Ni-Mn-Ga 形状记忆合金相变和力学性能的 影响 辛 燕1) ，柴 亮2) 1) 华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院，北京 102206 2) 特种功能材料与薄膜技术北京市重点实验室，北京 100191 通信作者，E-mail: xinyan@ncepu.edu.cn 摘 要 研究了 Fe 含量对 Ni56Mn25−xFexGa19 (x=0∼10) 合金的微观组织结构、相变行为、力学性能和记忆特性的影 响规律. 当 x 64 时, Ni56Mn25–xFexGa19 合金仍然保持着单一的四方结构马氏体相；当 x >6 时，合金呈现为马氏体相 和面心立方 γ 相组成的双相结构. 相对于马氏体相，γ 相为富 Ni 和富 Fe 相，其含量随 Fe 含量的增加而增加. 随着 Fe 含量增加，合金的马氏体相变温度逐渐降低，其峰值温度从 x=0 时的 356 ℃降低至 x=10 时的 170 ℃，这主要归因于 马氏体相尺寸因素和电子浓度的综合作用. 通过添加 Fe 替代 Mn 在合金中引入的 γ 相可提高合金的强度和塑性，但最 大形状记忆回复应变从 x=0 时的 5.0%降低到 x=6 时的 2.0%. 关键词 形状记忆合金；形状记忆效应；马氏体相变；力学性能；微观组织；铁 分类号 TG139+.6 Effect of Fe addition on the martensitic transformation behavior and mechanical properties of Ni-Mn-Ga shape memory alloys XIN Yan 1) , CHAI Liang 2) 1) School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China 2) Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Thin Film Technology, Beijing 100191, China Corresponding author, E-mail: xinyan@ncepu.edu.cn ABSTRACT The microstructure, martensitic transformation behavior, mechanical properties and shape memory characteristics of Ni56Mn25−xFexGa19 (x=0-10) shape memory alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and compression testing. A single phase of martensite with tetragonal structure is observed in the alloys with x 64, but dual phases with martensite and face-centered cubic γ phase are present when x >6. Compared with martensite phase, γ phase is rich in Ni and Fe, and its volume fraction increases with increasing Fe content. The martensitic transformation peak temperature decreases from 356 ℃ for x=0 to 170 ℃ for x=10, which is attributed to the comprehensive effect of the tetragonality and electron concentration of martensite. The introduction of γ phase by substituting Fe for Mn can greatly improve the strength and plasticity of the alloys. However, the shape memory strain drops from 5.0% for x=0 to 2.0% for x=6. KEY WORDS shape memory alloys; shape memory effect; martensitic transformations; mechanical properties; mi￾crostructure; iron 形状记忆合金以其特有的形状记忆效应和超 弹性，成为一种集感知与驱动为一体的智能材料. 目前，已开发较成熟的 Ni-Ti、Cu-Zn-Al 及 Fe 基形 状记忆合金的马氏体相变温度均不高 (<120 ℃)，但 收稿日期：2012–12–26 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (51101057)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项 (12MS10) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2013.08.005